生态住区停车庭院海绵雨水系统构建与SWMM模拟评价  

A New Planning Model of The Low Impact Development's Rainwater System in Sponge Residential Parking Yard and SWMM Simulation Evaluation

作　　者：苗展堂[1] 张翕 范一鸣[1] MIAO Zhantang;ZHANG Xi;FAN Yiming

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]英国利物浦大学建筑学院

出　　处：《城市环境设计》2023年第1期373-379,共7页Urban Environment Design

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“乡村住宅空间优化设计技术与指标体系研究”(2018YFD1100901)。

摘　　要：在城市内涝频发和我国建设海绵城市的背景下,本文首先提出在停车庭院中因地制宜布置雨水桶、植被浅沟、雨水花园等多种海绵设施,架构“串续式”的停车庭院海绵雨水系统;然后以驻马店石庄新社区为例,建立基于SWMM的海绵雨水系统和常规雨水管道系统的模型;最后分别在1年、2年、5年和10年一遇四种降雨条件下对两种系统的洪峰流量和径流总量削减进行模拟分析,并与开发前农田状态的水文效应进行了比较。结果表明,对于小型降雨,海绵雨水系统与常规雨水管道系统相比,能够更好的削减洪峰流量(约76%),并延迟洪峰时间(约11%);对于大型降雨,减少的洪峰流量和洪峰时间分别约为64%和8%,验证了该系统从源头上可以有效缓解城市内涝问题。Against a background of frequent urban fooding and the construction of the new so-called"sponge cities"in China,this paper first proposes to arrange various LID facilities such as rain barrels,vegetated swales and rain gardens in the parking courtyard,and to construct a"Successive Low-Impact Development Rainwater Systems"(SLIDRS)on parking courtyard;Then,the Shizhuang community in China is used as a case study site for a simulated SLIDRS infrastructure based on a stormwater management model(SWMM).Finally,peak fows,peak delay times,infiltration and water conservation were simulated and analyzed under three different scenarios:pre-development conditions,residential development with the use of a conventional sewer system,and residential development with the use of SLIDRS.The differing effects of development under the following four rainfall conditions were evaluated:1-year,2-year,5-year,and 10-year return periods.Compared to municipal sewer systems,results showed that SLIDRS can decrease peak fows(76%)effectively,and delay the food peak time(11%)in condition of small rainfall,and for the rainstorm,the peak flow and time can decrease by 64%and 8%respectively,which shows that the SLDRS can effectively alleviate the problem of urban waterlogging.

关 键 词：低影响开发模式 雨水花园 停车场 SWMM 海绵城市 生态住区 

分 类 号：TU985.125[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]