农政问题:中国本土化传承与探索  

Agricultural Politics:Localization and Exploration in China

作　　者：潘璐[1] Pan Lu

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院社会学与人类学系

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2023年第1期225-241,M0007,共18页Journal of Social Development

基　　金：北京社会科学基金青年学术带头人项目“新型农村集体经济发展与小农户的组织化”(项目编号:21DTR025;主持人:潘璐)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“农政问题”是经典的农村社会研究范式。本文以20世纪早期陈翰笙学派的农村研究为代表,探讨中国学者对农政问题进行本土化的早期理论拓展过程。在与考茨基、列宁等进行理论对话的基础上,中国农村派形成了对于中国农政问题的论述,拓展了农业资本主义转型的世界体系。与同时期的其他学派相比,陈翰笙学派提出的“农政问题”是在社会历史发展的宏大纲领下,一体性地思考土地、农业、农民和农村的转型及其相互关联。面对中国当前农政转型的新特点,我们需要重拾农政问题这一学术传统,立足中国现实,构建具有国际视野和中国特色的农政问题理论体系。This article revisited Chen Hansheng's rural surveys in the 1920s and reframed them in the Marxist tradition of the agrarian question.Based on dialogue with Kautsky and Lenin on the agrarian question,Chen tried to formulate systematic articulation of the agrarian question in China,thereby expanding the agrarian capitalist transformation world system.His theoretical contributions include two aspects.Firstly,regarding theoretical localization,Chen raised the Chinese agrarian question in the first half of the 2Oth century,i.e.,whether a capitalist mode of production was formed in agriculture and rural areas and how such transformation could be possible.His rural surveys in the 1920s-1930s aimed to analyze agrarian capitalism's trend and its constraints at that time.Secondly,in terms of international comparison,Chen raised the uniqueness of agrarian change in China compared with other countries,i.e.,it should realize gradual industrialization based on an independent peasant economy.This article highlighted that Chen was concerned with the agrarian question rather than the land question or general agriculture.In the framework of the agrarian question,he took land,agriculture,peasants,and rural society as a whole to explore their dynamics and mutual relations in national development and transformation.

关 键 词：农政问题 陈翰笙 中国农村派 马克思主义 农政转型 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F323[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]