蒙古语名词性短语的类指和通指表达——兼论连类复数结构的类指和通指表达  

Kind-denoting and Generic Nominal Phrases in Mongolian--With a Discussion on Associative Plural Constructions as a Kind-denoting and Generic Device

作　　者：赫如意 HE Ruyi

机构地区：[1]浙江大学汉语言研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《民族语文》2023年第1期43-54,共12页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“形式语义学的汉语研究与形式语义学理论创新(22&ZD295)”;浙江大学中央高校基本科研业务费“语言多样性”青年团队建设项目资助。

摘　　要：本文考察了蒙古语名词性短语的类指和通指表达,同时对蒙古语连类复数结构表达类指和通指的相关现象进行了讨论,认为:第一,蒙古语可以通过光杆可数名词不定数形式和光杆不可数名词来表示类指,而光杆可数名词的复数形式不具备这种功能;第二,蒙古语的光杆名词和“一+名词”结构可以表示狭义通指,光杆名词表示通指时,与其相匹配的谓语类型必须是属性谓语;第三,蒙古语的“主体名词+以辅音m开头的辅助词”以及方言中的一些固定表达式可以作为连类复数结构表达类指和通指。This paper mainly investigates the kind-denoting and generic nominal phrases in Mongolian,including bare nouns and one-NP.It also discusses how associative plural constructions may express kind-denoting or generic meanings.First,in Mongolian,kind-denoting can be expressed by bare mass nouns and the general number forms of bare countable nouns,while bare plurals do not have this function.Second,bare nouns and the structure of“one+noun”can refer to narrow generics in Mongolian.When the bare noun has a generic interpretation,it must be matched with individual-level predicates.Third,“subject noun+auxiliary words beginning with the consonant m”and some fixed expressions in Mongolian dialects can be used as associative plural constructions to indicate the generics and kind-denoting。

关 键 词：蒙古语 名词性短语 类指 通指 连类复数 

分 类 号：H212[语言文字—少数民族语言]