顾客参与企业协作回收物流的回馈积分激励机制研究  

Research on reward points incentive mechanism for customer participation in enterprise collaborative recycling logistics

作　　者：饶卫振[1] 李淑琪 刘露 朱庆华[2] RAO Weizhen;LI Shuqi;LIU Lu;ZHU Qinghua(College of Economics and Management,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学经济管理学院,青岛266590 [2]上海交通大学安泰经济管理学院,上海200030

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2023年第3期871-888,共18页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(22AGL021)。

摘　　要：企业通过协作回收可以获得成本节约,但现实中,顾客可能偏好由原企业服务而拒绝协作,这会导致协作增益损失,甚至无法协作,因此企业有必要采取策略激励顾客参与协作.本文考虑企业回馈给顾客积分激励,通过合理量化顾客协作贡献,设计有效的顾客协作激励机制.首先,考虑顾客协作概率及协作贡献,以企业期望利润最大化为目标,构建激励模型及流程;其次,构建考虑顾客参与意愿的协作回收车辆路径问题模型,求解企业成本节约,量化顾客的协作成本节约贡献;然后,基于顾客协作贡献及激励模型,计算最优积分激励值,以实现顾客协作的有效激励;最后,通过数值实验对激励机制及模型的有效性进行了验证.结论如下:相较无激励情形,一般情况下,积分回馈激励机制下企业期望利润和顾客协作意愿具有显著提高;顾客对激励的敏感程度及初始协作意愿越高,经激励后,顾客协作意愿和企业期望利润也越高;此外,顾客对激励的敏感程度越高,初始协作意愿越低,企业越有必要提高激励预算,以获得更优激励效果.因此,在协作回收物流中,设计合理的顾客协作激励机制是有必要的,同时,本研究可以为企业实际协作中决策顾客激励值提供依据.Through collaborative recycling,enterprises can obtain cost-saving benefits.However,in reality,customers may prefer to accept service from the original enterprise and refuse to collaborate.It will cause losses of collaboration gains or even failure of collaboration.Therefore,it is necessary for enterprises to adopt strategies to encourage customers to participate in collaboration.This paper considers customer incentive in the form of points by enterprises.Through reasonable quantification of customer collaboration contribution,we design an effective customer collaboration incentive mechanism.Firstly,considering customer collaborative probabilities and enterprise’s expected profits.And the customer collaborative incentive process is designed.Secondly,a multi-party collaborative recycling vehicle routing problem model is constructed and solved to obtain the collaborative cost savings of each enterprise.And we can further quantify collaborative cost savings contributions of customers.Then,in order to achieve effective incentive of customer collaboration,this paper calculates the optimal incentive points with customer collaborative contribution and incentive model.Finally,the effectiveness of the incentive mechanism and model are verified by numerical experiments,and the conclusions are as follows:Compared with the case without incentive,the expected profit of enterprises the improvement of customers’collaborative willingness can increase significantly with the proposed incentive mechanism.The higher the customers’sensitivity to incentives and initial collaborative willingness,the higher the customers’average collaborative willingness and enterprises’expected profits.Moreover,the higher the sensitivity of customers to incentives,the lower the initial willingness to collaborate,and the more necessary it is for enterprises to increase incentive budget in order to obtain better incentive effects.Therefore,in collaborative recycling logistics,it is necessary to design a reasonable customer collaborative incenti

关 键 词：协作回收 成本节约贡献 回馈积分 顾客激励 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]