窑居建筑结构的设计思路探究  

Prototype Extraction of Kiln Dwelling Architecture

作　　者：刘芸霏 成辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑与文化》2023年第5期179-181,共3页Architecture & Culture

摘　　要：窑居建筑是中国黄土高原地区古老的居住形态。窑居建筑历史悠久、分布广泛且极具价值,挖掘窑居建筑的原生内核、提取窑居建造原型、探索窑居原型的形成动因,推动窑居的持续发展是必要且迫切的。针对窑居建筑结构的应用价值展开分析,思考其形式、空间、功能和结构等方面的设计成果和实用价值,通过研究可以了解到窑居在形式方面,具有拱形的立面、门窗装饰艺术和虚实相生的群体组织;在空间方面,单孔窑居具有轴向纵深式的空间形式,多孔窑居的组织更加明确,窑居整体空间具有“点、线、面”的三维组合;在功能方面,满足了人们的居住需求;在结构方面,具有适宜的地形条件、稳定的拱形结构和高强度的黄土材质。Cave dwellings are an ancient form of dwelling in the Loess Plateau of China.Cave dwellings have a long history,are widely distributed and are of great value.It is necessary and urgent to excavate the original core of the cave dwelling architecture,extract the prototype of the cave dwelling construction,and explore the reasons for the formation of the cave dwelling prototype,so as to promote the sustainable development of the cave dwelling.Analyze the application value of the kiln dwelling building structure,and think about its design achievements and practical value in terms of form,space,function and structure.Through research,we can understand that kiln dwellings have arched facades,decorative arts for doors and windows in terms of form.The group organization that coexists with the virtual and the real;in terms of space,the single-hole kiln house has an axial and deep spatial form,the multi-hole kiln house is more clearly organized,and the overall space of the kiln house has a three-dimensional combination of"points,lines,and surfaces";in terms of functions on the one hand,it meets people's living needs;on the other hand,in terms of structure,it has suitable terrain conditions,stable arched structure and high-strength loess material.

关 键 词：窑居建筑 原型 建筑结构 形成动因 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]