基于时空大数据演化的新冠肺炎疫情政策主题挖掘及层级扩散特征分析  

Theme Mining and Hierarchical Diffusion Characteristics Analysis of COVID-19 Policy Based on Spatio-Temporal Big Data Evolution

作　　者：吴鹏[1] 张蒙蒙 索金琳 Wu Peng

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学智能制造学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京理工大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210094 [3]北京金水信息技术发展有限公司,北京100032

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2023年第5期185-192,153,共9页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“突发事件网民负面情感的模型检测研究”(项目编号:71774084);国家自然科学基金项目“突发事件应急情报数字孪生研究”(项目编号:72274096);国家社会科学重大招标项目“国家重大突发事件信息公开质量研究”(项目编号:20&ZD142);江苏省青蓝工程优秀教学团队项目“信息管理与信息系统”(项目编号:[2020]10)的成果。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]文章旨在揭示不同层级政府针对新冠肺炎疫情的应急模式,纵向探究新冠肺炎疫情治理体系,对政府应急管理超前布局具有一定借鉴意义。[方法/过程]基于时空大数据演化技术,结合政策内部特征和外部特征视角揭示不同层级政府政策扩散特征,并通过可视化方法展示。在内部特征方面,通过主题挖掘分析政策时间维度和层级维度主题演变;在外部特征方面,从发文时间、发文部门、发文数量维度上构建政策扩散特征指标,实验以中央、湖北省、北京市政策文本为数据源开展。[结果/结论]研究发现,首先,不同阶段主题存在差异性,但在疫情防控、企业扶持主题上存在延续性;其次,中央政策具有指导性、宏观把控性,湖北省整体注重疫情防控、医疗救治和复工复产,北京市侧重企业扶持、疫情防控、政务服务;最后,同层级政府的政策扩散特征表现不同。[Purpose/significance]The paper aims to reveal the emergency response modes of different levels of governments against the COVID-19,and explore the governance system of COVID-19 vertically,which has certain reference significance for the government's emergency management in advance.[Method/process]Based on spatio-temporal big data evolution technology,combined with the perspective of internal and external characteristics of policies,this paper reveals the characteristics of policy diffusion of different levels of governments,and displays them though visual methods.It analyzes the theme evolution of policy time dimension and hierarchical dimension through theme mining in terms of internal characteristics.And in terms of external characteristics,the policy diffusion characteristic indicators are constructed from the dimensions of time,department and quantity of documents.The experiment is carried out with the policy texts of the Central Government,Hubei Province and Beijing as data sources.[Result/conclusion]The study finds that,firstly,there are differences in themes at different stages,but there is continuity in the theme of epidemic prevention and control and enterprise support.Secondly,the central policy was instructive and macro controlled.Hubei Province pay attention to epidemic prevention and control,medical treatment and resumption of work and production as a whole.Beijing focused on enterprise support,epidemic prevention and control,and government services.Finally,the policy diffusion characteristics of governments at the same level were different.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 主题挖掘 政策扩散 LDA主题模型 政府层级 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学] G353.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]