微藻固碳实现CO_(2)减排与生物质增值  

Carbon Fixation by Microalgae to Achieve CO_(2) Emission Reduction and Biomass Valorization

作　　者：郭宝文 李煦 宗保宁 荣峻峰 GUO Baowen;LI Xu;ZONG Baoning;RONG Junfeng(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2023年第3期668-678,共11页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司科技开发项目(421043-1)基金资助。

摘　　要：微藻是一类可以进行光合作用,并将CO_(2)高效地转化为高价值生物质的微生物,在CO_(2)减排中发挥着重要作用。介绍了藻种筛选、定向进化与遗传改造等获得固碳性质优良藻种的手段,分析了微藻培养系统以及温度、光照、pH值等影响微藻固碳效率的主要因素。简要分析了微藻生物质的组成。介绍了微藻生物质在生物柴油、生物制氢与生物制气等能源领域和食品、饲用蛋白替代和高价值代谢物方面的应用途径。微藻生物技术为实现碳中和提供了新的思路与方案。Microalgae are a kind of microorganism that can perform photosynthesis and efficiently convert CO_(2) into high-value biomass,which play an important role in CO_(2) emission reduction.This paper introduces the methods for obtaining strains with excellent carbon fixation performance,including strain screening,directed evolution,and genetic modification,and also analyzes the microalgae culture system and the main factors influencing the carbon fixation efficiency of microalgae,such as temperature,light and pH.Additionally,the constitution of microalgae biomass is briefly analyzed,and the application approaches for microalgae biomass in the energy fields of bio-diesel,bio-hydrogen and bio-gas,as well as in terms of food,feed protein substitute and high-value metabolite are also introduced herein.Microalgae biotechnology has provided new ideas and solutions for achieving carbon neutrality.

关 键 词：微藻 二氧化碳 生物能源 生物制氢 蛋白质 

分 类 号：X701.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]