镉超富集柳树对镉吸收、积累及分配特性的田间试验研究  

Characteristics of cadmium absorption,accumulation anddistribution in cadmium-tolerant willows of field test

作　　者：周洁 陈庆生[1] 王保松[1] 王红玲[1] 施士争[1] Zhou Jie;Chen Qingsheng;Wang Baosong;Wang Hongling;Shi Shizheng(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 211153,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153

出　　处：《江苏林业科技》2023年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目“生物修复型柳树优良种质创新与高效栽培技术集成示范”(LYKJ[2020]03);国家林业和草原局重点研发计划项目“柳树专用品种选育”(GLM[2020]83);江苏省林业科学研究院自主创新项目“柳树镉超富集机理研究及种质创新”(ZZKY202101)。

摘　　要：镉(Cd)是当前我国耕地土壤重金属污染最主要的元素,其污染和防治已成为国际上研究的难点和热点。该研究利用生物量高、生长旺盛的柳树优良无性系,在重金属污染严重超标的耕地上进行田间试验。经测定,地上部分叶片或茎中镉富集含量超过超富集临界质量分数(100 mg/kg)的柳树无性系有12个,蒿柳×宫布氏柳的镉富集能力最强,叶片中能达到250.6 mg/kg,茎中为64.55 mg/kg;其次为宫布氏柳。单株吸附镉总量最高的为蒿柳×宫布氏柳和耳柳×银柳,分别为73.02,73.66 mg,每公顷可提取的镉总量分别为3.68,3.65 kg。该田间试验说明,柳树类作为超富集镉的树种,具有较高的吸附能力和转移镉的能力,该试验结果为镉污染土壤修复、镉提取等提供了实践基础。Cadmium(Cd)is the main element of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land soil in China,and its pollution and control have become a difficult and hot topic in international research.In this study,a field experiment was carried out on the farmland with heavy metal pollution seriously exceeding the standard by using superior willow clones with high biomass and vigorous growth.According to the detection,there are 12 willow clones whose cadmium enrichment content in the leaves or stems of the aboveground parts exceeds the supercritical concentration of 100 mg/kg.Salix viminalis×S.miyabeana has the strongest cadmium enrichment ability,reaching 250.6 mg/kg in leaves and 64.55 mg/kg in stems.The single plant absorbing the highest total amount of cadmium is the clone of S.viminalis×S.miyabeana and S.aurita×S.argyracea,reaching to 73.02 and 73.66 mg,thus the total extractable cadmium per hectare is 3.68 and 3.65 kg.It shows that willows are featured with high cadmium concentration,i.e.high adsorption capacity and cadmium transfer capacity.This field experiment provides a practical basis for cadmium pollution remediation and cadmium extraction.

关 键 词：超富集 镉 柳树 重金属 土壤 污染 

分 类 号：Q614.242[生物学—生物物理学] S792.12[农业科学—林木遗传育种] X131.3[农业科学—林学]