论学校违反食品安全保障义务的民事责任  

On the Civil Liability of the School for Violating Food Safety Guarantee Obligations

作　　者：肖新喜 Xiao Xinxi

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学经济法学院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《中州学刊》2023年第5期82-89,共8页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

摘　　要：2015年我国新修订的《食品安全法》首次明确规定了学校食品安全保障义务及行政责任,这一做法值得肯定,但美中不足的是,它没有规定学校违反该义务的民事责任。《食品安全法》需明确规定学校应对违反食品安全保障义务的行为承担侵权责任与违约责任,它们均应采取过错推定归责原则。对于学校的作为食品安全侵权的过错认定,应采取善良管理人之注意义务标准。对于学校的不作为食品安全侵权的过错认定,则应采取与处理自己事务同一的注意义务标准,学校对此种侵权损害应该与加害人一起承担不真正连带责任。The newly revised Food Safety Law of China in 2015 clearly stipulates for the first time the obligation and administrative responsibility of schools to ensure food safety.This practice is worthy of recognition,but the drawback is that it does not stipulate the civil liability of schools for violating this obligation.The Food Safety Law needs to clearly stipulate that schools should bear tort liability and breach of contract liability for violations of food safety obligations,both of which should adopt the principle of presumption of fault.For the fault determination of food safety infringement in schools,the standard of duty of care for kind-hearted managers should be a⁃dopted.For the fault determination of food safety infringement caused by school inaction,the same standard of care obligation should be adopted as handling one’s own affairs.Schools should bear joint and several liability for such infringement damages together with the perpetrators.

关 键 词：食品安全保障义务 侵权 教育合同 违约 归责原则 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]