基于基因组微卫星的团头鲂养殖群体遗传多样性分析和指纹图谱构建  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Fingerprint Construction for Two Cultured Populations of Megalobrama amblycephala on Genomic Microsatellites

作　　者：张芹 王延晖 王冰柯 屈长义 刘英杰 ZHANG Qin;WANG Yan-hui;WANG Bing-ke(Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450044)

机构地区：[1]河南省水产科学研究院,河南郑州450044 [2]商丘市水产技术推广站,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第8期99-104,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省基本科研业务费项目(JBKY2022);国家淡水水产种质资源库(FGRC:18537);河南省农业产业技术体系(S2014-10);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45-45)。

摘　　要：利用基因组微卫星检测2个团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)养殖群体的遗传多样性,18个位点共检测到126个等位基因,大小在135~362 bp。各位点观测等位基因数(N_(a))在3~15个,平均为7个;有效等位基因数(N_e)在1.250~6.979,平均为3.603。各位点检测到的香农信息指数(I)在0.417~2.213,平均为1.384。观测杂合度(H_o)在0.219~0.856,平均值为0.647;期望杂合度(H_e)在0.200~0.857,平均值为0.665。多态信息含量指数(PIC)在0.190~0.843,平均值为0.624。群体间的遗传分化指数(F_(st))为0.070,群体间的基因交流(N_(m))为1.59,说明HH和YH 2个群体之间有一定程度基因流。2个位点检测到的近交系数(F_(is))>0,其他16个位点近交系数均<0。研究表明,HH和YH两个人工养殖群体中均有较高的遗传多样性,群体间有一定程度的基因交流,指纹图谱的构建可以用来进行团头鲂种质资源品种间的鉴定以及品种内的亲缘关系研究,尤其是可以区分没有亲缘关系数据背景的群体,可以指导没有家系构建能力的苗种繁育场进行繁殖策略的升级。In this study,the genetic diversity for two populations of Megalobrama amblycephala was detected using genomic SSR.The results showed that 126 alleles were detected in 18 microsatellite loci,ranging from 135 bp to 362 bp.The observed heterozygosity ranged from 3 to 15,with mean value of 7.The expected heterozygosity ranged from 1.250 to 6.979,with mean value of 3.603.The Shannon information index was between 0.417 and 2.213,with an average of 1.384.The observed heterozygosity was between 0.219 and 0.856,with an average of 0.647.The expected heterozygosity was between 0.200 and 0.857,with an average value of 0.665.The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.190 to 0.843,with mean value of 0.624.The genetic differentiation index between the populations was 0.07,and the gene flow was 1.59,indicating that there was a certain degree of gene flow between the two populations.The inbreeding coefficients at two loci were greater than zero,and at the other 16 loci were all less than zero.In summary,the genetic diversity among the two pupulaitons was mid-high,and there was a certain degree of gene exchange between the two populations,which showed that all the artificial selection breeding strategies for the two cultural populations could maintain population diversity.There was a large genetic difference between wild individuals and cultured populations,which could be used as an effective supplement for the genetic diversity of Megalobrama amblycephala in later breeding process.Using these tags,the fingerprint was constructed for two Megalobrama amblycephala group.These microsatellite loci can be used for identification and genetic relationship research of megalobrama amblycephala germplasm resources.Especially,these tags can be used to distinguish pupulations with no pedigree data background and then to guide strategies for breeding ground without family building capacity.

关 键 词：团头鲂 基因组 SSR 多态性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]