北京西山林场侧柏林潜在地表火行为及树冠火转化比率研究  

Study on potential surface fire behavior and transition ratio to crown fire of Platycladus orientalis stands in Beijing Xishan Forest Farm

作　　者：白海峰 牛树奎[2] 刘晓东[2] Bai Haifeng;Niu Shukui;Liu Xiaodong(Shandong Police College,Shandong Jinan 250200,China;Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山东警察学院,山东济南250200 [2]北京林业大学森林资源生态系统过程北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2023年第4期561-565,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270696)。

摘　　要：以北京西山林场侧柏林为研究对象,对选择林分的特征进行调查,经内业试验对可燃物理化性质进行测定;通过系统聚类,将样地划分为若干个主要类型;运用BehavePlus软件,采用自定义可燃物模型的方式,研究不同风速、坡度、可燃物含水率对侧柏林地表火行为特征的影响及不同类型样地树冠火转化比率。结果表明:通过系统聚类,西山林场侧柏林样地划分为3种类型,不同类型的样地林分因子差异较大;侧柏林样地地表火蔓延速度、火线强度、火焰高度与10 m高空风速、坡度呈显著正相关,与可燃物含水率呈显著负相关,单位面积发热量与可燃物含水率呈负相关关系;树冠火转化比率和10 m高空风速呈显著正相关关系,而与可燃物含水率呈显著负相关关系。本文不同类型侧柏林潜在地表火行为与树冠火转化比率差异较大,可为研究区林火预防与扑救、防火资源的有效配置提供科学依据。Taking Platycladus orientalis stands in the farm as research object,the characteristics of selected stands were investigated,and the physical and chemical properties of fuels were measured by tests;the plots were classified into several major types by systematic clustering;the BehavePlus software was used to customize fuel model,and then the effect of different wind speed,slope and fuel moisture on surface fire behavior characteristics of Platycladus orientalis stands and the transition ratio of different types of sample plots were investigated.The results showed that through systematic clustering,the Platycladus orientalis stands were divided into three types,and the stand factors of different types differed greatly;surface fire spread rate,fireline intensity and flame length were significantly positively correlated with 10 m wind speed and slope,and negatively correlated with fuel moisture,and heat productivity per unit area was negatively correlated with fuel moisture;the transition ratio and 10 m wind speed were significantly positively correlated,while negatively correlated with fuel moisture.In this paper,the potential surface fire behavior and transition ratio from surface fire to crown fire of different types of Platycladus orientalisstands differed greatly,which could provide a scientific basis for forest fire prevention and suppression and effective allocation of fire prevention resources in the study area.

关 键 词：北京西山林场 侧柏 森林火灾 林火行为 

分 类 号：X954[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S762[农业科学—森林保护学]