黄芽白菜核基因雄性不育系的选育及其败育特征分析  

Breeding and Abortion Characteristic Analysis of Genic Male Sterile Line of Huangya Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：付家伟 丁丁 岳艳玲[1] FU Jiawei;DING Ding;YUE Yanling(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期191-197,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460524,31101551)。

摘　　要：【目的】育成黄芽白菜核基因雄性不育系,为快速培育高纯度黄芽白菜F1杂交种提供材料支撑。【方法】根据复等位基因遗传假说,以快菜核不育两用系KAB5为不育源,采用定向转育方法,经过杂交、回交、测交、自交和兄妹交将核不育基因向可育自交系H249中转育。【结果】经过连续3代定向的回交转育,获得了具有H249特征性状的黄芽白菜核基因雄性不育系HA1。进一步败育特征分析表明:不育系花小,花瓣长、花瓣宽、长雄蕊高和柱头高均极显著低于H249,花丝和花药颜色变白,花丝缩短,花药变小,小孢子能够发育形成四分小孢子,但无法进一步发育形成花粉。【结论】黄芽白菜雄性不育系雌蕊发育正常,雄蕊败育彻底,不育度高,不育株率100%,败育发生在四分体时期,不能形成花粉。[Purpose]To breed a genic male sterile line of Huangya Chinese cabbage,providing technical support for rapid breeding of the high purity F1 hybrid.[Methods]Directional method was designed in accordance with multiple allele hypothesis for transferring genic male sterile(GMS)genes in Chinese cabbage.Crossing,backcross,test cross,selfing,and sibling were applied to transferring GMS genes from early maturing Chinese cabbage KAB5 to Huangya Chinese cabbage H249.[Results]After three generations of directional backcross,HA1,a genic male sterile line of Huangya Chinese cabbage with H249 characteristics,was obtained.Further analysis of abortion characteristics showed that the sterile line had small flowers,petal length,petal width,long stamens height and stigma height were extremely significantly lower than H249,the color of filaments and anthers became white,filaments shortened,anthers became smaller,and microspores could develop into tetrads,but could not further develop into pollen.[Conclusion]The male sterile line of Huangya Chinese cabbage has normal pistil development,complete stamen abortion,high sterility and 100%sterile plant rate.The stamen abortion occurs at the tetrad stage and cannot form pollen.

关 键 词：黄芽白菜 复等位核不育 定向转育 

分 类 号：S634.303.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]