不同干形云南松的木材解剖特征及其化学成分分析  

Analysis of Anatomical Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Pinus yunnanensis Lumber with Different Stem Forms

作　　者：刘子腾 朱梅彩 陈松阳 纵丹[1,2] 杨晓瑞 邱坚[3] 何承忠[1,2,4] LIU Ziteng;ZHU Meicai;CHEN Songyang;ZONG Dan;YANG Xiaorui;QIU Jian;HE Chengzhong(Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650233,China;Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China,Ministry of Education,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南省高校林木遗传改良与繁育重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学,西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [3]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,云南昆明650233 [4]西南林业大学,西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期262-271,共10页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省专家工作站建设项目(202005AF150020);云南省产业技术领军人才培养项目(YNWRCYJS-2020-018);中央引导地方科技发展专项(YDZX201953000002845)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究直干和扭曲干云南松的木材解剖特征及其化学成分差异,为后续从分子水平解析云南松干形变异机制奠定基础。【方法】以直干和扭曲干云南松树干木质部为材料,利用生物显微镜和荧光显微镜对其解剖结构进行观察和研究,利用比色法结合傅里叶红外光谱对其主要化学成分进行分析。【结果】扭曲干云南松木材属于应压木,其应压木(twisted compression wood,TCW)细胞在横切面上具有缺口、内卷、变圆、细胞间隙增多且变大的特征,在径切面上具有螺纹裂隙管腔,在弦切面上创伤树脂道明显增多;扭曲干云南松对应木(twisted opposite wood,TOW)和直干云南松木质部(S)的解剖特征无明显差别。与TOW和S相比,TCW的管胞长度变短,宽度变窄,腔径变小,早材细胞壁增厚,木质素含量显著增加,纤维素含量显著降低,且木质素在次生壁S2层外层和细胞角隅积累,而TOW和S的木质素均匀分布在细胞角隅和胞间层。【结论】直干和扭曲干云南松的木材解剖特征有明显差异,且两者的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的含量与分布也有显著差异。[Purpose]To explore the differences in anatomical characteristics and chemical composition of straight stem and twisted stem Pinus yunnanensis lumber,and to lay a foundation for the subsequent analysis of the mechanism of stem shape variation of P.yunnanensis at the molecular level.[Methods]Using the xylem of straight stem and twisted stem P.yunnanensis as materials,biological microscope and fluorescence microscope were used to observe the anatomical structures,at the same time,the main chemical composition was analyzed by colorimetry combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.[Results]The twisted stems P.yunnanensis lumber belonged to compression wood,and the cells in twisted compression wood(TCW)were notched,involute,rounded,and with increased and larger intercellular spaces in transverse sections,threaded crack in radial sections,and the number of traumatic resin channels increased obviously in tangential sections.There was no obvious difference between the straight stem P.yunnanensis lumber(S)and the twisted opposite wood(TOW)in the anatomical characteristics.Compared with TOW and S,the tracheids in TCW were shorter in length,narrower in width,smaller in lumen diameter,and thicker in cell wall of early wood,the lignin content increased significantly,the cellulose content decreased significantly,and the lignin accumulated in the outer layer of S2 layer and cell corner,while the lignin of TOW and S was evenly distributed in cell corner and cellular middle layer.[Conclusion]There are not only obvious differences in anatomical characteristics,but also in the content and distribution of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin between straight and twisted stems of P.yunnanensis.

关 键 词：云南松 直干 扭曲干 应压木 解剖结构 化学成分 

分 类 号：S791.257.01[农业科学—林木遗传育种]