叶面喷施壳聚糖缓解低温处理对丝瓜幼苗的影响  

Effects of Foliar Spraying Chitosan on Relieving Low Temperature Stress on Loofah Seedlings

作　　者：练华山[1,2] 周艾玲 梁乐 李焕秀[4] 唐懿[4] LIAN Huashan;ZHOU Ailing;LIANG Le;LI Huanxiu;TANG Yi(School of Agronomy and Horticulture,Chengdu Agricultural College,Chengdu 611130,China;Horticulture Research Institute,Chengdu Agricultural College,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Institute of Pomology&Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]成都农业科技职业学院农学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [2]成都农业科技职业学院园艺研究所,四川成都611130 [3]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [4]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期298-305,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2021YJ0307);四川省教育厅2022—2024年职业教育人才培养和教育教学改革研究项目(GZJG2022-105)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究低温处理下外源壳聚糖对丝瓜幼苗生理特性的影响,并筛选外源壳聚糖的最佳缓解质量浓度。【方法】通过盆栽试验,研究不同质量浓度外源壳聚糖对低温处理下(8℃)丝瓜幼苗叶片光合色素含量、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性以及矿质元素含量的影响。【结果】低温处理下,丝瓜幼苗叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、总叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸以及氮和磷元素的含量降低或显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著降低,而相对电导率、MDA和钾含量均显著升高。施加外源壳聚糖后,丝瓜幼苗叶片光合色素、渗透调节物质和矿质元素含量增加,3种抗氧化酶活性增强,相对电导率和MDA含量降低,且当外源壳聚糖质量浓度为25 mg/L时对各指标的缓解效果最好。【结论】叶面喷施25 mg/L壳聚糖对提高丝瓜幼苗耐冷性效果最佳,同时可促进丝瓜幼苗的生长以及氮、磷、钾的吸收。[Purpose]To investigate the effects of exogenous chitosan on physiological characteristics of loofah seedlings under low temperature treatment,screening the optimal mass concentration of exogenous chitosan.[Methods]A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different mass concentrations of exogenous chitosan on photosynthetic pigment content,relative conductivity,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,osmotic adjust substance content,antioxidant enzyme activity and mineral element content in leaves of loofah seedlings under low temperature treatment(8℃).[Results]Under low temperature treatment,the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll,soluble protein,free proline,nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves of loofah seedlings decreased or decreased significantly,and the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase also decreased significantly,while the relative conductivity,MDA and potassium content increased significantly.After the application of exogenous chitosan,the contents of photosynthetic pigments,osmotic adjust substance and mineral elements in the leaves of loofah seedlings increased,the activities of three antioxidant enzymes increased,and the relative conductivity and MDA content decreased.When the mass concentration of exogenous chitosan was 25 mg/L,the mitigation effect on each index was the best.[Conclusion]Foliar spraying 25 mg/L chitosan has the best effect on improving the cold tolerance of loofah seedlings,and it can promote the growth of loofah seedlings and the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.

关 键 词：丝瓜 壳聚糖 低温 氧化损伤 矿质元素含量 

分 类 号：S642.401[农业科学—蔬菜学]