2020年常州市武进区职业性噪声作业人员健康体检结果分析  

Analysis of health examination results of employees exposed to occupational noise in Wujin District of Changzhou City in 2020

作　　者：陈丹[1] 许敏锐[1] 蒋斌杰[1] CHEN Dan;XU Min-rui;JIANG Bin-jie(Wujin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]常州市武进区疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2023年第2期99-103,共5页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：常州市重点研发计划(项目编号:CJ20210019);国家重点研发项目(项目编号:2017YFC0907002)。

摘　　要：目的 了解常州市武进区职业性噪声作业人群职业健康状况,为职业病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 2020年1月—12月常州市武进区所有职业噪声接触在岗职工进行健康体检,收集纯音测听值、血压、年龄、噪声接触工龄以及血常规、尿常规、肝肾功能检查结果并进行统计学描述分析。结果 共46 530名职业噪声作业工人纳入分析,其中男性33 775人(72.59%),双耳高频平均听阈为(24.00±11.16)d B,高频听力损失4 738人(10.18%),血压异常13 379人(28.75%),心电图异常11 675人(25.09%),尿常规异常7 986人(17.16%),肝功能异常3 902人(8.39%),血常规异常7 450人(16.01%)。男性高频听力损失率、血压异常率、心电图异常率和肝功能异常率均高于女性(P均<0.05);随着年龄的增加,高频听力损失、血压异常、尿常规异常和血常规异常率患病率逐渐增加(P均<0.05);工龄越长高频听力损失、血压异常、血常规和尿常规异常率患病率显著增加(P均<0.05);企业规模小(χ^(2)=130.73,P<0.001)、私有经济企业(χ^(2)=198.16,P<0.001)的作业人群的高频听力损失患病率更高。结论 性别、年龄、工龄、企业规模、经济类型可影响常州市武进区噪声作业人员的健康状况,应针对重点人群采取综合防治措施以提高噪声接触者的身体健康水平,防止职业病的发生。Objective To investigate the occupational health status of people exposed to occupational noise in Wujin District of Changzhou City,and to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention and control of occupational diseases.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to collect the health examination data of all employees exposed to occupational noise in Wujin District of Changzhou City from January to December in 2020.Pure tone audiometry,blood pressure,age,length of service exposed to noise,blood routine,urine routine,liver and kidney function test results were collected.Results A total of 46530 workers exposed to occupational noise were included in the study,including 33775(72.59%)males,the average high-frequency hearing threshold of both ears was (24.00±11.16) dB, 4 738 (10.18%) of high frequency severe hearingloss group, 13 379 (28.75%) of abnormal blood pressure. There were 11 675 (25.09%) patientswith abnormal electrocardiogram, 7 986 (17.16%) patients with abnormal urine routine, 3 902(8.39%) patients with abnormal liver function,and 7 450 (16.01%) patients with abnormal bloodroutine. The rates of high- frequency hearing loss, abnormal blood pressure, abnormalelectrocardiogram and abnormal liver function in males were higher than those in females (all P<0.05) . With the increase of age, the prevalence of high- frequency hearing loss, abnormal bloodpressure, abnormal urine routine and abnormal blood routine increased gradually (all P<0.05) .The prevalence rates of high- frequency hearing loss, abnormal blood pressure, blood routine andurine routine were significantly increased with longer working years (all P<0.05) . Small enterprises(χ^(2)=130.73, P<0.001) and private enterprises (χ^(2)=198.16, P<0.001) had higher prevalenceof high- frequency hearing loss. Conclusions Gender,age,length of service,enterprise scale andeconomic type can affect the health status of noise workers in Wujin District, Changzhou City.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken for noise exposed workers toimprove

关 键 词：职业性噪声 健康体检 听力损失 高血压 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]