激光材料加工熔池流动行为实验研究进展  

Review of Experimental Study on Melt Pool Flow Dynamics during Laser Material Processing

作　　者：付艳恕[1] 卢聪 叶小军 肖先锋 成满平 宋立军[3] FU Yanshu;LU Cong;YE Xiaojun;XIAO Xianfeng;CHENG Manping;SONG Lijun(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031;Research Institute of Automobile Parts Technology,Hunan Institute of Technology,Hengyang 421002;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学先进制造学院,南昌330031 [2]湖南工学院汽车零部件技术研究院,衡阳421002 [3]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第5期291-306,共16页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875190,12162024,12062013)。

摘　　要：熔池作为激光与材料相互作用过程的基本单元,其内部传热、传质过程对微观凝固组织和宏观缺陷的形成有重要影响。掌握激光材料加工熔池流动行为机制,并采取有效的调控手段是获得高质量激光材料加工成形件的关键。随着试验设备与技术的不断发展,激光材料加工熔池流动研究正朝深度化和精细化方向发展,并取得了大量研究成果。系统介绍了熔池流动行为实验研究方法的发展和应用,重点综述了激光焊接和激光增材制造过程熔池/匙孔流动行为国内外研究进展。首先介绍了熔池流动的受力机制及其主要影响因素;然后回顾和讨论了使用直接法和间接法对熔池流动的可视化实验研究进展,并对目前熔池流动行为的主要调控手段进行了总结。最后,对进一步熔池流动行为机理研究和更高效的熔池流动调控手段进行展望。As the basic unit of laser material interaction,the molten pool experiences transient and localized heat and mass transfer,which have a great influence on the formation of microstructure and macro-defects.Understanding the flow behavior mechanisms of the molten pool and adopting certain control strategies are the keys to obtain high-quality laser material processing parts.With the continuous development of test equipment and technology,experimental study of flow behaviors is moving in the direction of depth and refinement,and up to now,certain achievements have been made.The development and applications of experimental research methods are introduced,and the research progresses of molten pool flow behaviors during laser welding and laser additive manufacturing are summarized.Firstly,the driving forces in the molten pool and their main influencing factors are presented.After that,progresses of visual experimental research on molten pool flow using direct and indirect methods are reviewed and discussed,and the current main control strategies of molten pool flow are summarized.Finally,the further research on the flow behavior mechanism of the molten pool and more efficient strategies of molten pool flow control are prospected.

关 键 词：激光焊接 激光增材制造 熔池流动 对流调控 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]