利用无人机辅助放牧实验研究  

UAV Grazing Research

作　　者：张智宇 王东亮[1] Zhang,Z.Y.;Wang,D.L(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Sciences and Natural ResourcesResearch,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100101,China;Geoscience Institute,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101 [2]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《全球变化数据学报（中英文）》2022年第3期487-500,V0487-V0500,共28页Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery

基　　金：中华人民共和国科学技术部(2021YFD1300501,2021xjkk1402);中国科学院(XDA26010201);国家自然科学基金(41501416)。

摘　　要：无人机具有机动灵活、易于操作等特点,现已成为地理信息科学与生态学等研究中打破地形壁垒,安全高效获取地表海量数据以及低空近地观测的重要工具,并且在草原牧业管理、辅助放牧等领域已开始应用。研究团队于2020年在呼伦贝尔开展了无人机放牧羊群、牛群、驴群等家畜实验,分析了无人机在畜群的不同驱赶位置以不同驱赶方式对不同家畜种群的放牧效果。实验初步结果表明:无人机在辅助放牧方面具有较大的应用潜力;无人机从畜群两侧或绕至畜群尾部对畜群驱赶的效果优于从正上方经过对畜群驱赶;搭载喊话器的无人机放牧效果优于未搭载喊话器的无人机。通过实验,作者探讨了无人机放牧现存的问题和挑战,并展望了未来的发展方向。研究针对无人机飞行高度、姿态、噪声等因素对畜群驱赶效果影响的分析,有利于制定规范化驱赶标准,也可为响应草原环境下无人机放牧高度智能化的需求提供理论参考。UAVs have the characteristics of flexibility and ease of operation and have become an important tool for breaking terrain barriers,safely and efficiently obtaining massive amounts of surface data,and low-altitude and near-Earth observations in research such as geographic information science and ecology.In addition,UAVs have been applied in grassland animal husbandry management and assisted grazing.The research first systematically reviewed the progress of UAV grazing-related technologies and the typical application cases of UAV-assisted grazing in China and abroad.Then,combined with the UAV grazing livestock experiment carried out by the research team in Hulunbuir,China,the grazing effect of the UAV on different herds in different driving positions of the herd was analyzed.The preliminary results of the experiment show that UAVs have great application potential in assisting grazing and that the grazing effect of UAVs equipped with megaphones is better than that of UAVs without megaphones.Finally,the existing problems and challenges of UAV grazing are discussed,and the future development directions are proposed.The analysis of UAV flight height,attitude,noise,and other factors influencing the herd driving effect is conducive to the formulation of standardized UAV herding livestock standards and can also provide a theoretical reference for responding to the demand for highly intelligent UAV grazing in the grassland environment.

关 键 词：无人机放牧 典型应用案例 辅助放牧效果 喊话器 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] S818.9[农业科学—畜牧学]