家庭医生服务模式下社区慢性病管理专科护士培训方案的质性研究  

A qualitative study on training program for community chronic disease management specialist nurses under the family doctor service model

作　　者：刘芳 高芸芸 刘维维[1] LIU Fang;GAO Yunyun;LIU Weiwei(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第5期813-816,895,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目(SM202010025003)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社区慢性病管理护士及医生对社区慢性病管理专科护士培训的看法,为我国社区慢性病管理专科护士培训提供参考。方法采用描述性质性研究法,于2020年5—12月采用目的抽样对北京市6所社区卫生服务中心家庭医生式服务团队中16名从事慢性病管理的社区护士及13名社区医生进行访谈,并采用主题分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果通过访谈提炼出社区慢性病管理专科护士培训的必要性、培训目标、培训内容(包括慢性病理论知识、慢性病管理相关护理技术、康复知识与技能、急救知识与技能、药物相关知识、健康评估知识、健康教育能力的培训、心理护理知识、沟通技巧、科研知识、公共卫生政策、计算机知识与技能)、实践模式、培训周期、效果评价(结业考核与岗位考核)6个主题及14个亚主题。结论受访者对社区慢性病管理专科护士培训持积极态度。我国可基于社区慢性病管理专科护士的胜任力为基础设定培训目标,并结合其培训需求,制定相应的培训内容与模块,可采用综合医院与社区相结合的实践模式,培训周期可设定为3~6个月,并应制定社区慢性病管理专科护士统一的考核方案,从而为我国社区慢性病管理护士进行专科化培养提供参考。Objective To explore the views of community chronic disease management nurses and doctors on the training of community chronic disease management specialist nurses,and to provide reference for the training of community chronic disease management nurses in China.Methods The descriptive research method was used to interview 16 community nurses and 13 community doctors engaged in chronic disease management in the family doctor-type service team of 6 community health service centers in Beijing by purposive sampling from May to December 2020,and thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data.Results The necessity of community chronic disease management specialist nurse training,training objectives,training content(including chronic disease,chronic disease management theoretical knowledge related nursing technology,rehabilitation knowledge and skills,first aid knowledge and skills,drug related knowledge,health assessment,health education ability training,psychological nursing knowledge,communication skill,scientific knowledge and public health policy,computer knowledge and skills),practice mode,training cycle,effect evaluation(completion assessment and post assessment)6 themes and 14 sub-themes were extract through interviews.Conclusion The respondents have a positive attitude towards the training of community chronic disease management specialist nurses.In China,training objectives can be set based on the competency of community chronic disease management specialist nurses,and corresponding training content and modules can be formulated according to the training needs of community chronic disease management nurses.The practice model combining general hospitals and communities can be adopted,the training period can be set as 3-6 months,and a unified assessment plan for the specialized nurses of community chronic disease management should be made,so as to provide reference for the specialized training of community chronic disease management nurses in China.

关 键 词：社区 慢性病管理 专科护士 培训方案 质性研究 

分 类 号：R499[医药卫生—康复医学] R192.6[医药卫生—临床医学]