饮用水系统硝化微生物分布规律、环境影响因素及调控应用的研究进展  

Distribution characteristics, environmental influencing factorsand engineering application of nitrifiers in drinking watersystems: a review

作　　者：蔡栩丞 胡宇星 周爽[3] 张晏晏 王虹[1,2] CAI Xucheng;HU Yuxing;ZHOU Shuang;ZHANG Yanyan;WANG Hong(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Limited Company,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院、污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海污染控制与生态安全研究院,上海200092 [3]同济大学医学院,上海200092 [4]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2023年第4期1607-1620,共14页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878468);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022-4-YB-17);上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司科研专项(K2020K052A)。

摘　　要：硝化微生物广泛存在于饮用水系统中。水处理过程中,硝化微生物对含氮污染物的去除有突出贡献;而输配水过程中,硝化微生物会加剧消毒剂氯胺的降解,造成一系列饮用水微生物安全问题。本文介绍了常用硝化微生物检测方法,综述了硝化微生物在滤池、市政主管网、二次供水系统中的分布特征和规律,分析了环境因子及工程条件对硝化微生物的影响机制,探讨了硝化微生物强化应用及管控的实际工程措施,展望了未来饮用水系统中硝化微生物的研究重点与应用前景。Nitrifiers are omnipresent in drinking water systems.While being capable of degrading nitrogenous contaminants in drinking water treatment process,nitrifiers accelerate the consumption of disinfectant in drinking water distribution systems,thus posing a serious threat to public health.This paper introduces the methodological techniques currently used in the detection of nitrifiers and summarizes the distribution characteristics of nitrifiers in filters,drinking water distribution systems,and secondary water supply systems.Further,it elucidates the influencing mechanism of environmental and engineering factors on nitrifiers,discusses the augmentation and suppression of nitrification in drinking water system and prospects the future research and application of nitrifiers.

关 键 词：饮用水系统 硝化微生物 硝化作用 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]