能力与关系的协奏曲:旅游小企业家成长意愿的影响机制  

The Concerto of Competence and Guanxi:The Influencing Mechanism of Small Tourism Entrepreneur’s Growth Aspiration

作　　者：刘小同 秦涔 文彤[2] LIU Xiaotong;QIN Cen;WEN Tong(Management School,Guangdong University of Science and Technology,Dongguan 523083,China;Management School,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]广东科技学院管理学院,广东东莞523083 [2]暨南大学管理学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2023年第4期66-78,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“社会责任视角下乡村旅游小企业参与旅游精准扶贫机制研究”(17BGL124);暨南大学管理学院重点学科建设育题基金资助项目“乡村社区旅游小企业家的成长意愿研究”(GY21017)共同资助。

摘　　要：旅游业中不少小企业面临严重的生存与成长问题,企业家能力与企业家关系是旅游小企业创办与成长的重要资本,而企业家是否有成长意愿则直接决定着旅游小企业的成长,但目前对企业家能力与关系如何综合对企业家成长意愿发挥作用尚不明晰。该研究基于对371位旅游小企业主的问卷调查数据,运用最小二乘回归方法探讨企业家能力和企业家关系对旅游小企业家成长意愿的作用机制。研究发现:(1)企业家能力对旅游小企业家成长意愿既有直接正向影响,也可通过自我效能产生间接影响;(2)企业家关系可调节企业家能力对旅游小企业家自我效能的影响,在关系水平高的情况下,企业家能力的作用更为凸显;(3)企业家关系也可调节自我效能的中介作用,形成有调节的中介效应机制,即在关系水平高的情况下,自我效能感的中介作用更显著。因此,旅游小企业要实现成长首先要重视企业家能力的提升,同时,需积极培育企业家关系以发挥协同效应。Many small businesses in the tourism industry are facing serious problems of survival and growth,and the majority of small tourism entrepreneurs fail to have sound plans for their enterprises’future development or lack growth aspiration.For small tourism businesses,entrepreneurial competence and guanxi are important capital for their establishment and growth,and entrepreneurs’aspiration to grow the business plays a decisive role in their growth and success.However,it is still unclear how entrepreneurial competence and guanxi affect entrepreneurs’aspiration to grow.Based on the theory of social cognition,this paper focuses on the growth aspiration of small tourism entrepreneurs and explores the relationship among entrepreneurial competence,entrepreneurial guanxi,self-efficacy,and growth aspiration.The main objective of the study is to build the influence mechanism of small tourism entrepreneurs’growth aspiration from the perspective of capital interaction,so as to explain why some small tourism entrepreneurs can achieve their growth ambitions while others cannot.Based on the questionnaire data obtained from 371 small tourism business owners,the study explores the impact mechanism of entrepreneurial competence and guanxi on small entrepreneurs’aspiration to grow using the ordinary least squares(OLS)regression method.The study found that:(1)Entrepreneurial competence can both directly affect and indirectly affect through selfefficacy small tourism entrepreneurs’growth aspiration.This means that self-efficacy serves as a mediator in the relationship between entrepreneurial competence and growth aspiration;(2)Guanxi of small tourism entrepreneurs moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial competence and selfefficacy.Specifically,the positive effect of entrepreneurial competence on self-efficacy is more prominent when the level of guanxi is high,which indicates a synergistic effect of entrepreneurial competence and guanxi;(3)The mediating role of self-efficacy changes with the entrepreneurial guanxi

关 键 词：旅游小企业 企业家成长意愿 企业家能力 关系 自我效能 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]