船行波作用下内河航道泥沙运动机理研究  

Sediment movement in inland waterways under the influence of ship waves

作　　者：毛礼磊 陈一梅[1] MAO Li-lei;CHEN Yi-mei(School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2023年第2期22-29,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51479035)。

摘　　要：内河航道中产生的船行波改变了原有的水动力条件,直接影响床面泥沙运动及河床演变。为认识船行波对泥沙运动的影响,针对泥沙起动和输移两个基本问题,采用理论分析和原型观测试验,重点研究航政艇和货船两类船舶引起的近底流速和床面剪切应力特性,以及船行波的挟沙能力。结果表明:航政艇产生的船行波次波对诱导的水流流速和床面剪切应力贡献最大,而货船产生的船行波主波贡献最大,凸现出两类船舶的船行波波列结构和能量分布的不同特征。以修正希尔兹参数为变量建立了船行波挟沙能力计算公式,可以计算出船行波作用下泥沙的悬浮量。研究成果对认识内河航道泥沙运动和断面演变规律具有一定的参考价值。Ship waves induced by frequent shipping traffic in inland waterways change the original hydrodynamic conditions and influence the sediment movement on the riverbed and the morphological processes.This paper focuses on the study of the near-bottom velocity and bed shear stress induced by two kinds of vessels and deduces the sediment carrying capacity,adopting theoretical analysis and filed observations.The results show that the secondary waves induced by the navigational boat contribute the most to the near-bottom velocity and bed shear stress,while the primary waves generated by the cargo ship provide the largest contribution.With the modified Shields parameter as a variable,a formula for the sediment carrying capacity calculation of ship waves is established,which reflects the amount of suspended sediment under the action of ship waves.

关 键 词：船行波 内河航道 泥沙运动 剪切应力 挟沙能力 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]