塔里木河下游弯曲河道形态特征及演变分析  

Morphological characteristics and evolution of the Lower Tarim River

作　　者：王鑫淼 魏炳乾[1] 白涛[1] 王光焰 WANG Xin-miao;WEI Bing-qian;BAI Tao;WANG Guang-yan(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;Management Bureau of the Main Stream of Xinjiang Tarim River Basin,Urumqi 830018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学、西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]新疆塔里木河流域干流管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830018

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2023年第2期37-43,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅规设局项目(403-1005-YBN-FT6I)。

摘　　要：塔里木河下游是典型的弯曲河道,自2000年起实施生态输水后,原本断流的河道开始间歇性过水,而输水对于河道形态的塑造及演变的影响有待研究。基于遥感影像解译与实测资料,识别河道边界并沿程提取170个弯道,分别从整体河道与弯道角度进行形态特征及演变规律研究。结果表明:塔里木河下游平面形态蜿蜒曲折,深泓线沿程波动起伏,横断面主要为抛物线形、梯形和倒三角形。河道演变特征为干流基本稳定,沟汊变化频繁。弯道包含简单弯道与复合弯道两种类型,迁移类型主要为延伸、收缩、展宽、缩窄、延伸与展宽/缩窄组合等6种方式,迁移速率随弯道曲率先增后减。The Lower Tarim River is a typical meandering river.Since the implementation of ecological water delivery in 2000,the original dry-flow channel began to overflow intermittently.Based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and observed data,the boundary of the river channel was identified and 170 bands were extracted.The morphological characteristics and evolution laws were analyzed from the perspective of the overall channel and the curve.Results show that the Lower Tarim River is meandering in plan,fluctuating along the riverbed thalweg,and the cross-sections are mainly parabola,trapezoid and inverted triangle.The processes of the river are basically stable in main stream and frequent changes in the ditches.There are two types of bends as simple bends and compound bends.The migration types are mainly extension,contraction,expansion,and narrowing,the migration rate increases at first and then decreases with the curve curvatures.

关 键 词：塔里木河 弯曲河道 形态特征 弯道迁移 

分 类 号：TV147.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]