西南彝族传统聚落景观的环境适应特征研究  

Study on Landscape Environmental Adaptation of Traditional Yi Settlements in Southwest China

作　　者：林立揩 桂艳 杜春兰[3,4] LIN Likai;GUI Yan;DU Chunlan

机构地区：[1]成都市青羊区工业创新设计功能区管委会,成都610073 [2]四川工商学院,成都611745 [3]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400044 [4]重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国园林》2023年第4期27-33,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：随着新型城镇化的持续推进,深处西南腹地的彝族传统聚落也正因城市资本的冲击而发生变化。通过深入的田野调查、访谈和空间分析,对西南彝族传统聚落的周边环境特征及其构成要素进行深入的研究,明确了聚落空间特征与自然环境之间的紧密联系。研究结果表明,西南彝族传统聚落集中分布的凉山、滇中和红河3个地区的空间表征存在显著的差异,并与地域性环境特征深度耦合,其中凉山地区聚落主要以散居形式适应严酷的生存环境;滇中地区聚落主要沿山脚聚居以避让肥沃的生产耕地;红河地区聚落主要依山体密集布局以回应紧张的用地条件。通过研究,系统梳理了西南彝族传统聚落的环境适应及其空间特征,并为现代聚落的营建提供了实践依据和理论指导。As the new type of urbanization continues to advance,the traditional settlement of Yi nationality in the southwest hinterland is also being transformed by the impact of urban capital.Through indepth fieldwork,interviews and spatial analysis,this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the surrounding environment characteristics and constituent elements of the traditional Yi nationality settlements in southwest China.The close relationship between spatial characteristics of settlements and natural environment is clarified.The results show that there are significant differences in the spatial characteristics of Liangshan,Central Yunnan and Honghe,where traditional Yi settlements are concentrated in southwest China,and they are deeply coupled with regional environmental characteristics.The settlements in Liangshan area mainly adapt to the harsh living environment in the form of dispersions.The settlements in central Yunnan mainly live along the foot of the mountain to avoid the fertile productive farmland.The settlements in Honghe area are mainly arranged according to the dense mountain to respond to the tight land use conditions.Through this study,the paper systematically sorts out the characteristics of the environmental adaptation and space of the traditional Yi settlements in southwest China,and provides practical basis and theoretical guidance for the environmental adaptability of modern settlement construction.

关 键 词：风景园林 西南彝族 传统聚落 聚落环境 景观要素 环境适应 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]