燃料电池水下应用可行性研究  

Feasibility Research of Underwater Application of Fuel Cell

作　　者：牛勇超 程彦森 成海超 李学海[1] NIU Yongchao;CHENG Yansen;CHENG Haichao;LI Xuehai(Tianjin Institute of Power Sources,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所,天津300384

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2023年第3期128-134,共7页Southern Energy Construction

摘　　要：[目的]为了进一步提升水中装备的续航作战能力,高比能量电能源系统是解决问题的关键,通过对比不同燃料种类对系统比能量的影响,探究燃料电池在水下应用的可行性。[方法]通过对目前广泛研究的质子交换膜燃料电池和固体氧化物燃料电池的特点进行对比分析,依据指标要求对比不同储氢和储氧的方式,确定燃料系统阴极侧采用液氧方式供给可以满足设计要求,不同燃料电池类型其阳极侧可采用的供给方式不同,液氢、有机液体、甲醇重整、直接甲醇和直接丙烷具有应用潜力。[结果]结合不同燃料电池的特点,分析尾气处理装置参数,综合比较水下应用燃料电池能源系统的可行方案,以液氧、液化丙烷或有机液体为燃料的固体氧化物燃料电池能源系统和以液氧、有机液体为燃料的质子交换膜燃料电池可以满足设计需求。[结论]燃料电池能源系统可以显著提升能源系统的比能量,燃料的供给形式是影响电能源系统比能量的主要因素。[Introduction]In order to further improve the cruising ability of underwater equipment,the high specific energy electric energy system is the key to the problem.By comparing the impact of different fuel types on the specific energy of the system,the feasibility of underwater application of fuel cells is explored.[Method]By comparing and analyzing the characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells in different hydrogen storage and oxygen storage methods according to the index requirements,it is determined that the cathode side could meet the design requirements by using liquid oxygen supply and the anode side could adopt different supply methods,such as liquid hydrogen,organic liquid,methanol reforming,direct methanol and direct propane.[Result]Depending on the characteristics of different fuel cells,the relevant parameters of the tail gas treatment device are calculated and the feasible schemes of underwater fuel cell energy systems are comprehensively compared.The solid oxide fuel cell energy system with liquid oxygen and liquefied propane or organic liquid,the proton exchange membrane fuel cell with liquid oxygen and organic liquid could meet the design requirements.[Conclusion]The fuel cell energy system can significantly improve the specific energy of the energy system,and the fuel supply form is the main factor affecting the specific energy of the electric energy system.

关 键 词：水下无人航行器 燃料电池 储氢方式 储氧方式 尾气处理 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理] TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]