不同体质量和饥饿程度对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼游泳能力的影响  

SWIMMING ABILITY OF JUVENILE TIGER PUFFER,TAKIFUGU RUBRIPES WITH DIFFERENT BODY MASSES AND STARVATION LEVELS

作　　者：熊玉宇 陈雷 李莹[1] 魏涛 房鼎航 王素云 于晓明 XIONG Yu-Yu;CHEN Lei;LI Ying;WEI Tao;FANG Ding-Hang;WANG Su-Yun;YU Xiao-Ming(College of Marine Science and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture Ministry of Education,Dalian 116023,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,大连116023 [2]设施渔业教育部重点实验室,大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连116023

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第6期940-949,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(JL202001);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900503);大连市科技创新基金(2021JJ11CG001);农业农村部渔业渔政管理局政府购买服务合同项目(17220254)资助。

摘　　要：为了考察不同体质量和饥饿程度红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼的游泳能力,利用行为生态学方法,测定了不同体质量(0.22—3.31 g)和饥饿天数(1d、3d、6d和9d)下红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的绝对临界游速(U^(crit),cm/s)、相对临界游速(U_(crit)’,体长/s,BL/s)、偏好游速(U_(pref),cm/s)、6个流速区域(2—36 cm/s)下停留时间百分比(Pt,%)、偏好区域平均流速(V_(mean),cm/s)和总游泳距离(D_(1h),m)等游泳行为指标。结果显示,体质量和饥饿显著影响红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的U_(crit)、U_(crit)’、Pt、V_(mean)和D_(1h)。随体质量增加,实验鱼的U_(crit)、U_(pref)、V_(mean)和D_(1h)均逐渐升高,而U_(crit)’则逐渐降低。随饥饿天数增加,实验鱼的U_(crit)、U_(crit)’、U_(pref)、V_(mean)和D_(1h)均逐渐降低。结果表明,红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的游泳能力与体质量正相关,而与饥饿程度负相关。大规格且营养状况好的红鳍东方鲀苗种游泳能力更强,摄食和躲避敌害的成功率可能更高,这有利于提高其放流后的存活率。研究结果可为红鳍东方鲀增殖放流技术的改进提供参考资料。The tiger puffer,Takifugu rubripes,which distribute in the East China sea,Yellow sea and Bohai sea,is an important fish species in aquaculture and stock enhancement in China.Due to the higher fishing pressure,catches of wild tiger puffer decreased significantly in the late 1980s.Aquaculture-based fisheries enhancement involves the release of cultured organisms to enhance,conserve,or restore fisheries.To restore the stock of tiger puffer,China,Korea and Japan began to release this species.High mortalities in stock enhancement have been found in many species after release due to predation and starvation.Swimming ability directly affects the capacity of finding food,escaping from predators,maintaining position,schooling and migration in released fish.In this study,we investigated the effects of body mass and starvation on the swimming ability of juvenile tiger puffer.The critical swimming speed(Ucrit,cm/s),preferred swimming speed(Upref,cm/s),percentage of accumulated time(Pt,%)under six flow velocities(2—36 cm/s),average flow velocity of preferred zone(Vmean,cm/s)and total swimming distance(D1h,m)of juvenile tiger puffer was determined under different body masses(0.22—3.31 g)and starvation days(1d,3d,6d and 9d).Body mass and starvation significantly affected the U_(crit),Pt,V_(mean) and D_(1h) of juvenile tiger puffer.The Ucrit,Upref,Vmean and D1h increased from 10.17 cm/s,2—5 cm/s,3.79 cm/s and 139.06 m to 17.13 cm/s,13—26 cm/s,16.51 cm/s and 580.03 m,respectively,as the body mass increased,whereas the relative Ucrit(Ucrit’,body length/s,BL/s)decreased from 5.83 to 3.56 BL/s.The relationship between body mass and U_(crit),U_(crit)’,Pt,V_(mean) and D_(1h) can be described by the quadratic model.The Ucrit,Ucrit’,Upref,Vmean and D_(1h) decreased from 16.47 cm/s,3.38 BL/s,13—26 cm/s,15.45 cm/s and 566.18 m to 10.03 cm/s,1.98 BL/s,2 cm/s,2.83 cm/s and 119.74 m,respectively,as the starvation day increased.The relationship between starvation day and U_(crit),U_(crit)’,Pt,V_(mean) and D_(1h) can be descr

关 键 词：体质量 饥饿 临界游速 偏好游速 增殖放流 红鳍东方鲀 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]