有机无机肥配施对冬小麦生长及叶片叶绿素含量的影响  

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Combined Application on Growth and Leaf Chlorophyll Content of Wheat

作　　者：候丽丽 陈江鲁 王伟 崔新菊 周大伟 刘伟 HOU Lili;CHEN Jianglu;WANG Wei;CUI Xinju;ZHOU Dawei;LIU Wei(Agricultural Scientific Research Institute of Sixth Agriculture Division,Wujiaqu,Xinjiang 831301,China;Yili Institute of Agricultural Science,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China;Agricultural Technology Service in Yining City,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]第六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠831300 [2]伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁835000 [3]伊宁市农业技术推广站,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第5期12-16,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学青年基金项目(2020D01B53);第六师五家渠市科技项目(2201)。

摘　　要：为研究不同施肥处理对冬小麦籽粒干物质积累、籽粒灌浆进程、旗叶光合色素、产量,以及产量构成因素的影响,以冬小麦新品种‘新冬42号’为研究对象,设置不施肥(CK)、常规化肥(CF)、有机肥替代25%化肥(CF+M25)、有机肥替代50%化肥(CF+M50)、有机肥替代75%化肥(CF+M75)5种施肥方式。结果表明:与常规施肥相比,在一定范围内配施有机肥可提高小麦籽粒干物质积累,但过高的有机肥配比不利于籽粒质量的增加。在0%~50%有机肥配施处理可增加快增期最大灌浆速率,在有机肥替代75%化肥时快增期最大灌浆速率减缓。随着有机肥配施比例的增加,叶绿素含量呈先增加后逐渐降低的趋势。与CF处理相比,CF+M25和CF+M50处理使单位面积穗数、穗粒数增加,CF+M75处理产量降低10.1%。综上,合理范围内有机无机配施可增加小麦产量。In order to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on grain dry matter accumulation,grain filling process,flag leaf light and pigment,yield and yield components of winter wheat.Taking the new winter wheat variety'Xindong 42'as the research object,no fertilization(CK)conventional chemical fertilizer(CF),25%chemical fertilizer(CF+M25),organic fertilizer 50%chemical fertilizer(CF+M50),organic Fertilizer replaces 75%chemical fertilizer(CF+M75).The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,the application of organic fertilizer in a certain range could increase the dry matter accumulation of wheat grains,but an excessively high organic fertilizer ratio was not conducive to the increase of grain quality.Combined application of 0%-50%organic fertilizer can increase the maximum grain filling rate in the rapid growth period,the maximum grain filling rate slowed down in the fast growth period when organic fertilizer replaced 75%chemical fertilizer.The chlorophyll content first increased and then decreased gradually with the increase of the organic fertilizer ratio.compared to CF treatment,CF+M25 and CF+M50 treatments increased the number of panicles and grains per ear per unit area,CF+M75 treatment yield decreased by 10.1%.In conclusion,the combination of organic and inorganic applications within a reasonable range can increase wheat yield.

关 键 词：有机无机配施 小麦 灌浆特性 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]