人核糖核酸酶A家族生物学功能的结构基础  

Structural and Functional Characteristics of Human Ribonuclease A Family

作　　者：张安静 陆路 ZHANG An-Jing;LU Lu(Department of Swine Research,Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院动物遗传育种研究所猪研究室,成都611130

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2023年第4期486-497,共12页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(No.2021M692329);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(No.2021YFS0008);科技部国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFD1300800);阿坝州科技计划项目(No.20YYJSYJ0073)资助。

摘　　要：人核糖核酸酶A(ribonuclease A, RNaseA)家族成员有13个,分别为RNase1-RNase13,它们具有很高的序列相似性,大多含有6~8个半胱氨酸并形成分子内二硫键,以维持特有的空间结构。其中,RNase1-RNase8具有多种生物活性,可概括为3类:涉及核糖核酸转录后的剪切、修饰和降解;具有抗细菌、抗真菌和抗病毒活性;以及机体免疫调节作用。而RNase9-RNase13不具有核糖核酸酶活性。因此,本文将重点对RNaseA家族成员RNase1-RNase8的结构与功能研究进行综述,重点概述决定RNaseA生物学功能的结构特征,以期指导以RNaseA为基础的抗微生物药物开发及RNaseA在机体免疫中的功能研究。The human ribonuclease A family consists of 13 members,namely RNase1-RNase13.They share high sequence similarity and most of them contain 6~8 cysteine and form intramolecular disulfide bonds to maintain the unique spatial structure.Among them,of which RNase1-RNase8 has a variety of biological activities and can be summarized into three categories:involved in the cleavage,modification and degradation of RNA after transcription;Has antibacterial,antifungal and antiviral activity;and immunomodulatory effects,while RNase9-RNase13 has no ribonucleolytic activity.In this paper,we have reviewed the recent structural and functional progresses of RNaseA family proteins,with an emphasis on the structural determinants in order to guide the development of RNaseA-based antimicrobial drugs and the investigation of RNaseA in host immunity.

关 键 词：RNaseA 结构与功能 酶切活性 抗微生物 免疫调节 

分 类 号：Q7[生物学—分子生物学]