酒精相关犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪行为特征与刑事责任能力  

Criminological Characteristics and Criminal Responsibility Capacity of Offenders with Alcoholism

作　　者：刘春艳 李琦[1] 杨宁 邓茜[1] 曹灿璨 郝博[1] 刘璐 赵虎[1,2] LIU Chun-yan;LI Qi;YANG Ning;DENG Xi;CAO Can-can;HAO Bo;LIU Lu;ZHAO Hu(Department of Forensic Medicine,Zhongshan School of Medicine,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China;Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山医学院法医学系,广东广州510080 [2]广东省法医学转化医学工程技术研究中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2023年第3期386-394,共9页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81871535);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金重点项目(2021B1515120020)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析酒精相关犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪行为特征,探索犯罪行为特征与刑事责任能力的关系。【方法】收集酒精相关犯罪嫌疑人的基本信息、酒精使用信息、作案前后精神症状、犯罪学行为特征及鉴定意见。【结果】慢性酒精中毒组的饮酒史25.0(13.3~30.0)年显著长于急性酒精中毒组1.2(0~14.3)年。慢性酒精中毒组85.0%每日饮酒次数不少于1次,52.5%有晨饮或睡前饮酒习惯,92.5%以独饮为主。酒精中毒暴力性犯罪占比57.6%。慢性酒精中毒者作案时精神状态52.5%存在谵妄,急性酒精中毒者作案时精神状态84.6%存在朦胧状态。慢性酒精中毒组42.5%为病理性动机作案,急性酒精中毒组69.2%为现实动机作案。急性酒精中毒组96.2%被评定为完全刑事责任能力,慢性酒精中毒组50.0%被评定为完全刑事责任能力。【结论】与急性酒精中毒犯罪嫌疑人相比,慢性酒精中毒者的饮酒史长,饮酒频率高、有明显的晨饮或睡前饮酒习惯。酒精中毒犯罪案件性质多为暴力性犯罪。与慢性酒精中毒组相比,急性酒精中毒组的作案动机具高度选择性,多被评为完全刑事责任能力。【Objective】To analyze the criminal behavior characteristics of alcohol-related crime offenders and explore the relationship between criminal behavior characteristics and criminal responsibility capacity.【Methods】Basic information,alcohol use information,psychiatric symptoms before and after the crime,criminological behavioral characteristics and conclusion of judicial evaluation were collected.【Results】The drinking history of the chronic alcoholism group 25.0(13.3~30.0)years was significantly longer than that of the acute alcoholism group 1.2(0~14.3)years.In the chronic alcoholism group,85.0%drank alcohol at least once a day,52.5%had morning or bedtime drinking habits,and 92.5%drank mainly alone.Violent crimes accounted for 57.6%.Delirium existed in 52.5%of the chronic alcoholics′mental state at the time of the crime,and 84.6%of the acute alcoholics′mental state was hazy.In the chronic alcoholism group,42.5%committed the crime with pathological motive,and in the acute alcoholism group,69.2%committed the crime with realistic motive.Acute alcoholism group 96.2%were assessed as complete criminal responsibility capacity,and chronic alcoholism group 50.0%were assessed as complete criminal responsibility capacity.【Conclusion】Compared with acute alcoholism of-fenders,chronic alcoholics had a longer drinking duration,more frequency drinking,and obvious morning drinking or bedtime drinking habits.The nature of alcoholism crime cases was mostly violent.Compared with the chronic alcoholism group,the acute alcoholism group had highly selective motives for committing crimes and were mostly rated as complete criminally responsibility.

关 键 词：酒精中毒 犯罪行为特征 刑事责任能力 司法精神病学 

分 类 号：R8[医药卫生—临床医学]