The genome of Orychophragmus violaceus provides genomic insights into the evolution of Brassicaceaepolyploidizationandits distinct traits  

作　　者：Kang Zhang Yinqing Yang Xin Zhang Lingkui Zhang Yu Fu Zhongwei Guo Shumin Chen Jian Wu James C.Schnable Keke Yi Xiaowu Wang Feng Cheng 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture,Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics,Beijing 10008,China [2]Department of Agronomy and Horticulture,University of Nebraska,Lincoln,NE 68588,USA [3]Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China

出　　处：《Plant Communications》2023年第2期77-92,共16页植物通讯（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC grants 31722048 and 31972411);the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China;supported by the China Agricultural Research System—Green Manure(CARS-22).

摘　　要：Orychophragmus violaceus,referred to as‘‘eryuelan’’(February orchid)in China,is an early-flowering ornamental plant.The high oil content and abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in O.violaceus seeds make it a potential high-quality oilseed crop.Here,we generated a whole-genome assembly for O.violaceus using Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies.The assembled genome of O.violaceus was~1.3 Gb in size,with 12 pairs of chromosomes.Through investigation of ancestral genome evolution,we determined that the genome of O.violaceus experienced a tetraploidization event from a diploid progenitor with the translocated proto-Calepineae karyotype.Comparisons between the reconstructed subgenomes of O.violaceus identified indicators of subgenome dominance,indicating that subgenomes likely originated via allotetraploidy.O.violaceus was phylogenetically close to the Brassica genus,and tetraploidy in O.violaceus occurred approximately 8.57 million years ago,close in time to the whole-genome triplication of Brassica that likely arose via an intermediate tetraploid lineage.However,the tetraploidization in Orychophragmus was independent of the hexaploidization in Brassica,as evidenced by the results from detailed phylogenetic analyses and comparisons of the break and fusion points of ancestral genomic blocks.Moreover,identification of multi-copy genes regulating the production of high-quality oil highlighted the contributions of both tetraploidization and tandem duplication to functional innovation in O.violaceus.These findings provide novel insights into the polyploidization evolution of plant species and will promote both functional genomic studies and domestication/breeding efforts in O.violaceus.

关 键 词：Orychophragmus violaceus eryuelan genome assembly POLYPLOIDIZATION subgenome differentiation function innovation 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]