不同模型估计黄河鲤生长性状遗传参数的比较分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Genetic Parameters of Growth Traits in Yellow River Common Carp Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Estimatied by Different Models

作　　者：王延晖 王冰柯 屈长义 冯建新 常东洲 张芹 WANG Yanhui;WANG Bingke;QU Changyi;FENG Jianxin;CHANG Dongzhou;ZHANG Qin(Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences,Zhengzhou 450044,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水产科学研究院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第3期377-385,共9页Fisheries Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45-45);国家淡水水产种质资源库项目(FGRC:18537);河南省基本科研业务费资助项目(JBKY2021);河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2014-10).

摘　　要：为精准评估黄河鲤生长性状的遗传参数,利用7对微卫星标记对1个黄河鲤家系混养群体的亲本和子代进行基因分型,利用分型信息进行亲子鉴定后,采用平均信息约束极大似然法算法开展黄河鲤20月龄体质量、体长的遗传参数估计。考虑到可能存在的非加性遗传效应,建立和比较分析3种动物模型:模型A只考虑加性效应,模型AM包含加性效应和母本效应,模型AF包含加性效应和全同胞效应。用似然比统计量检验不同模型间的差异显著性。结果显示:7个微卫星位点上共检测到64个等位基因,平均等位基因数为9.1个,变化为5~11个;平均观测杂合度为0.795,平均期望杂合度为0.801,平均多态性信息含量为0.771,所有位点表现高度多态性;实际亲子鉴定成功率为96.1%。模型分析结果显示:模型AM为最优模型,获得黄河鲤选育群体20月龄体质量和体长的遗传力分别为0.46和0.41,属于高遗传力;两个性状的母本效应值分别为0.14和0.11;采用两性状动物模型分析相关性发现,体质量和体长间的表型和遗传相关系数均达到高度正相关(0.75~0.85)水平。试验结果表明,在黄河鲤20月龄生长性状遗传参数评估模型中,应考虑母本效应,同时结合相对遗传进展分析,说明以体质量为目标性状可便捷有效地改良黄河鲤生长性能。To evaluate the genetic parameters of growth traits of Yellow River common carp Cyprinus carpio haematopterus more accurately,we used seven microsatellite loci to genotype parents and offspring of a communal reared population of Yellow River common carp and utilized the genotyping information to carry out the parentage assignment.Then,the genetic parameters of body weight(BW)and body length(BL)for 20-month-old Yellow River common carp were estimated based on the average information restricted maximum likelihood(AIREML)method.Considering the possible non-additive genetic effects,three animal models were constructed as below:Model A only included the additive genetic effect;Model AM contained the additive genetic and maternal genetic effects;Model AF includeed the additive genetic effects and the full-sib family effects.The significance of difference among the three models was analyzed with the likelihood ratio test.The result of genotyping revealed that all of the loci showed high polymorphism.Sixty-four alleles were detected in 7 microsatellite loci,and the number of alleles in each locus was 5-11,and the average number of alleles in each locus in offspring population was 9.10,and the average observed heterozygosity was 0.795.The average expected heterozygosity was 0.801,and the moderate polymorphism information content was 0.771.The result of the model analysis showd that the Model AM was the optimal model.At 20 months of age,BW and BL showed a high level of heritability of 0.46 and 0.41,respectively,and maternal genetic effects ratio of 0.14 and 0.11,respectively.Phenotypic and genetic correlations between BW and BL were positive and ranged from 0.75 to 0.85.The results suggested that maternal effect was considered in the genetic parameter evaluation model of growth traits of Yellow River common carp at 20-month-old.Combined with the analysis of relative genetic advances,BW as the target trait effectively improved the growth performance in common carp.The finding provides a theoretical basis and technical suppo

关 键 词：黄河鲤 生长性状 遗传力 遗传相关 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]