新疆乡土苹果中熟品种秋立蒙的选育  

Breeding of a Xinjiang native mid-season apple variety,Qiulimeng

作　　者：郭靖 韩政伟 潘越 张振飞 杨新荣 GUO Jing;HAN Zhengwei;PAN Yue;ZHANG Zhenfei;YANG Xinrong(Institute of landscape architecture,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830092,Xinjiang,China;College of resources and environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林科院园林绿化研究所,乌鲁木齐830092 [2]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第5期1036-1040,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目;新疆维吾尔自治区“主要林果种质资源创新”项目(LGXY202110);新疆维吾尔自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2022SNGGNT087)。

摘　　要：秋立蒙是2006年在新疆伊犁州发现的乡土树种,在伊犁河流域和昌吉州奇台县具有几十年栽培历史,具体亲本不详。秋立蒙果实扁圆锥形,底色黄绿,阳面有洋红晕或霞,果面光滑,肉质较细、较软,果柄处有果锈,果汁多,风味甜酸,香气浓郁;纵径5cm左右,横径在7cm左右,平均单果质量120g。可溶性糖含量(w,后同)3.16%,可溶性固形物含量11.1%,总酸含量3.17mg·g-1,维生素C(抗坏血酸)含量3.98mg·100g-1。果实生育期140~150d,在新疆北疆地区果实9月上、中旬成熟,属于中熟品种,植株生长势极强,树冠高大。植株适应性强,较耐瘠薄,耐寒能力强,在新疆北疆地区可直立越冬。在新疆北疆苹果适宜栽培区均可种植,嫁接苗第3年开始少量开花结果,第5年进入丰产期,每666.7m2产量可达3000kg。Qiulimeng is a native variety found in Ili Prefecture of Xinjiang in 2006.It has been cultivat-ed for decades in the Ili River basin and Qitai County of Changji Prefecture,and its parents are un-known.Because of its small planting area,it has not been well-known and promoted.Since its discov-ery,regional tests have been carried out in three regions in Northern Xinjiang(Tekes County,Tacheng City and Qitai County)for seven years.After years of continuous evaluation and observation,it shows that the biological characteristics of this variety are stable.Finally,it was certified as an improved vari-ety in 2021 and named Qiulimeng.Qiulimeng plants grow very strongly,with tall and open crowns.The 1-year-old branches are purple brown;the perennial branches are grayish brown on the sunny side and greenish brown on the shady side.The leaves are large,12.5 cm long and 8.5 cm wide,oval,and light green.There are many hairs on the back of the leaf;the leaf margin is lobed;and the petiole is about 4 cm long.The fruit is oblate to conical,with yellow green background,magenta or rosy glow on the sun-ny side,smooth fruit surface,fine and soft flesh,rust on the handle,much juice,sweet and sour flavor,and strong aroma.The longitudinal diameter is about 5 cm;the transverse diameter about 7 cm;and the average single fruit weight is 120 g.The content of soluble sugar is about 3.16%;the content of soluble solids about 11.1%;the content of total phenol 3.17 mg·g-1;the content of Vitamin C 3.98 mg·100 g-1.The saplings of Qiulimeng grow vigorously,and the seedlings may grow up to 1.0-1.2 m in the first year after grafting.The grafted seedlings may start to bloom and bear fruit in the third year.In the fifth year,it enters the high-yield period,with a yield of 3000 kg per 666.7 m2.The fruit development period is 140-150 days,and ripens in late September in Northern Xinjiang.The variety has a strong plant adaptability,strong barren resistance and cold resistance.It can survive the winter safely on ground in Northern Xinjiang.This apple var

关 键 词：新疆苹果 秋立蒙 乡土品种 中熟 香气浓郁 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]