早熟梨新品种蜀都翠的选育  

Breeding report of a new pear cultivar Shuducui

作　　者：张勇[1] 桂瑞 雷迪雅 赵兵 罗娅[1] 陈清[1] 王燕[1] 王小蓉[1] 王浩[1] 张云婷[1] 林源秀[1] 刘泽静[1] 何文[1] 汤浩茹[1] ZHANG Yong;GUI Rui;LEI Diya;ZHAO Bing;LUO Ya;CHEN Qing;WANG Yan;WANG Xiaorong;WANG Hao;ZHANG Yunting;LIN Yuanxiu;LIU Zejing;HE Wen;TANG Haoru(Department of Horticulture,Sichuan Agriculture University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学园艺学院,成都611130

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第5期1041-1043,共3页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2021YFYZ0023,2019YFN0122)。

摘　　要：蜀都翠是由二宫白×早酥杂交选育出的早熟鲜食砂梨新品种。该品种生长势强,枝条半开张,一年生枝黄褐色。叶片卵圆形,绿色,叶尖长尾尖,叶基圆形,叶缘锐锯齿。果实长圆形,果面光滑,黄绿色,平均单果质量243.3g。果肉白色,果心小,肉质细、脆,汁液多,石细胞少,味甜。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)14.7%,可滴定酸含量0.19%,综合性状优良。在四川雅安地区初花期3月上旬,成熟期7月上旬,果实发育期120d左右。抗黑斑病、黑星病和轮纹病,耐高温多湿。适宜在四川、重庆等平原和丘陵砂梨生态区种植。Shuducui is a new early-ripening pear cultivar with excellent appearance bred by SichuanAg-riculture University.The seedling was derived from a cross between Ninomiyahuri and Zaosu in 1990s in the experimental field.By artificial cross pollination,105 hybrid seedlings flowered in 1997.The hy-brid seedling 90-3-4 was initially selected as a superior individual in 2000 for its perfect appearance and high quality.The field trials were carried out at three sites of Sichuan province(including Ya’an city,Chengdu city and Guangyuan city)from 2014 to 2019.It was finally named as Shuducui in 2022.The young trees are vigorous,and the posture of the tree is open.The color of annual shoots is yellow-brown.The mature leaves are green in color and oval with long tail tip and round base.The leaf margin is sharp serrate.Each cluster has 5-7 flowers.The flowers are pink and the petals are spaced relatively to each other.The fruit is nearly oblong in shape,and the ground color of the fruit is yellow-green.The average fruit weight is 243.3 g.The longitudinal diameter of the fruit is 7.97 cm,and the transverse di-ameter is 7.87 cm.The flesh is white,crispy and juicy.The fruit texture is fine with few stone cells.The content of total soluble solids(TSS)is 14.7%,and total acid(TA)is 0.19%.The flesh firmness is 6.94 kg·cm-2.The fruit core is small and fruit quality is excellent.The cold storage life of the fruit is more than 150 days.The trees are precocious.Its full bloom occurs in early March,and the fruits ma-ture in early July in Ya’an,Sichuan province.The fruits bear mainly on spurs.The sixth-year yield is 1667 kg·666.7 m-2 with a planting density of 3 m×4 m.The development period of fruit is about 120 days,and the vegetative growth period is about 240 days.The fruit surface is smooth,and the fruit rust is less,which can be considered as non-bagging cultivation.It is suitable to be planted in similar ecological ar-eas of plains and hills such as Sichuan and Chongqing.Orchards should be established on flat neutral sand soil,

关 键 词：梨 新品种 蜀都翠 早熟 鲜食 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]