基于SEAR技术的地下含水层石油烃污染修复试验研究  

Experimental Study on Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution in Subsurface Aquifers Based on SEAR Technology

作　　者：杨思月 孙亚乔[1] 毛明 王杰 朱欢 刘宏伟 杨胜科[1] YANG Siyue;SUN Yaqiao;MAO Ming;WANG Jie;ZHU Huan;LIU Hongwei;YANG Shengke(Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region,Ministry of Education,School of Water and Environment,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Zhongsheng Environmental Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]中圣环境科技发展有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第5期954-964,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(No.2021ZDSL05-05,2022ZDSL06-06)。

摘　　要：表面活性剂强化含水层修复技术(SEAR)已广泛应用于地下含水层有机污染修复.本研究选取环境修复过程中常使用的8种表面活性剂:聚氧乙烯月桂醚(Brij 30)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-9)、吐温80(Tween 80)、鼠李糖脂、曲拉通X-100(TritonX-100)、烷基糖苷(APG)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS),利用静、动态试验优选出高效环保的表面活性剂,探索表面活性剂浓度、离子强度对汽油增溶效果的影响,同时确定最佳表面活性剂复配体系,并开展室内模拟试验及性能评价验证其修复效果.结果表明:(1)8种表面活性剂中鼠李糖脂对汽油的增溶能力表现最优;AEO-9、Tween 80和Brij 30更易吸附在中砂介质;Tween 80与TritonX-100对油污砂洗脱效果最好.综合优选结果确定TritonX-100为最优效的单一表面活性剂.(2)随着表面活性剂浓度和离子强度的增加,溶液中汽油浓度分别呈现先增加后下降和持续下降的趋势.(3)通过将优选表面活性剂TritonX-100与洗脱效果最好的Tween 80进行混合确定最优复配比为1∶1,该复配体系下汽油去除率可达99.28%.动态洗脱试验下该混合体系下汽油去除效率最高为64.55%,比同浓度TritonX-100条件下高22.26%.(4)室内模拟试验中TritonX-100与Tween 80两种非离子型表面活性剂以体积比为1∶1进行复配可进一步提升增溶洗脱效果,石油烃总去除率达到83.7%.研究显示,TritonX-100是一种高效的石油烃修复剂,TritonX-100与Tween 80复配后可进一步提升其修复效果,以上结果可为SEAR技术在实际场地应用提供理论参考与技术支持.Surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation(SEAR)has been widely used in the remediation of organic contamination in underground aquifer.The present study aimed to use efficient surfactants to explore the effects of surfactant concentration and ionic strength on the solubilization effect of gasoline,optimize efficient and environmentally friendly surfactants,determine the best surfactant compound system,and verify their remediation effects.The results show that among the eight surfactants,rhamnolipids showed the best solubilization ability for gasoline;AEO-9,Tween 80 and Brij 30 were more easily adsorbed in medium sand media.Tween 80 and TritonX-100 had the best elution effect on oily sand.The combined results of the preferences identified TritonX-100 as the most effective single surfactant.With the increase of surfactant concentration and ionic strength,the gasoline concentration in solution showed a trend of first increase,decrease and continuous decrease,respectively.The optimum compounding ratio was determined to be 1∶1 by mixing the preferred surfactant TritonX-100 with Tween 80,and the gasoline removal rate was 99.28% in this compounding system.The highest gasoline removal efficiency was 64.55% in the dynamic elution test,which was 22.26% higher than that of the same concentration of TritonX-100.The total removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbons reached 83.7% when two nonionic surfactants,TritonX-100 and Tween 80,were compounded at a volume ratio of 1∶1 in simulation test,which further enhanced the solubilization elution effect.The results show that TritonX-100 is an efficient petroleum hydrocarbon remediation agent,and the combination of two nonionic surfactants can further enhance the solubilization and elution effects.The study results can provide theoretical reference and technical support for the application of SEAR technology in polluted sites.

关 键 词：石油烃 地下含水层 表面活性剂 复配体系 室内模拟 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]