流体体位垫对侧卧位手术患者皮肤受压损伤及术后体位相关性疼痛的影响  

Effect of fluid position pad on skin compression injury and postural pain in patients undergoing lateral decubitus operation

作　　者：黄丽薇[1] 孙艳[1] 孙丽荣[1] 梁红[1] HUANG Liwei;SUN Yan;SUN Lirong;LIANG Hong(Genral Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院,宁夏回族自治区银川市750004

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2023年第9期1374-1378,共5页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的探讨流体体位垫对侧卧位手术患者皮肤受压损伤及术后体位相关性疼痛的影响。方法选取2019年5月—2021年8月在医院全麻下行择期手术治疗需采用侧卧位手术患者320例,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组160例。对照组采用传统海绵体位垫摆放侧卧位手术体位,观察组采用流体体位垫摆放侧卧位手术体位。由经过培训的研究小组成员对受压部位皮肤进行判定,记录术毕时、术后2 h、术后12 h和24 h患者皮肤压红及压力性损伤的例数、部位及损伤程度;于术后24 h采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者术后手术体位相关性疼痛程度并记录疼痛例数。结果在术毕时刻,各手术时长患者总的皮肤压红率,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组中术毕时刻有9例患者为I期压力性损伤,而观察组中术毕时刻仅有1例患者为I期压力性损伤,两组患者压力性损伤率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,观察组患者肩颈部、腰部、四肢疼痛的发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但疼痛程度均为轻度疼痛。结论流体体位垫可降低侧卧位手术患者皮肤发红、压力性损伤及术后体位相关性疼痛的发生率,有利于缓解侧卧位手术患者术中皮肤受压损伤并提高患者舒适度。Objective To investigate the effects of fluid position pad on skin compression injury and postural pain in patients undergoing lateral decubitus operation.Methods From May 2019 to August 2021,320 patients requiring lateral decubitus operation under general anesthesia were selected and divided into control group and observation group with 160 cases in each group according to the principle of comparability of basic features between groups.The control group was placed in the lateral decubitus position with the traditional cavernosa position pad,and the observation group was placed in the lateral decubitus position with the fluid position pad.The trained members of the research team evaluated the skin at the pressure site,and recorded the number,location and degree of skin pressure redness and pressure injury at the end of operation,2 h,12 h and 24 h after operation.Visual Analog Scale(VAS)was used to evaluate the degree of postoperatively position-related pain and the number of pain cases was recorded at 24 h after surgery.Results At the end of the operation,the total skin pressure redness rate in the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the control group,there were 9 patients with stage I stress injury at the time of completion of surgery,while in the observation group,there was only 1 patient with stage I stress injury at the time of completion of surgery.The difference in the rate of stress injury between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).24 h after surgery,the incidence of shoulder,neck,waist and limb pain in the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but the pain degree was mild.Conclusion Fluid position pad could reduce the incidence of skin redness,pressure injury and postural pain in patients undergoing lateral decubitus operation,which was beneficial to relieve the pressure injury of skin during lateral decubitus operation and improve the comfort level of

关 键 词：手术患者 侧卧位 皮肤压红 压力性损伤 流体体位垫 

分 类 号：R472.1[医药卫生—护理学]