西藏不同海拔地区藏族青少年消瘦状况调查  

Survey on Wasting Status among Tibetan Adolescents from Different Altitude of Tibet

作　　者：普珍[1] 次仁央宗[1] 其梅 四郎曲扎[1] Puzhen;Ciren-yangzong;Qimei;Silang-quzha(medical collage,Tibet university,Lhasa 850000,China;Lhasa center for disease control,Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学医学院 [2]西藏拉萨市疾病预防控制中心,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2023年第1期65-70,共6页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：西藏大学培育基金项目(ZDCZJH20-12);西藏自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2016ZR-15-1)。

摘　　要：目的:调查西藏不同海拔地区藏族青少年消瘦状况,为在不同海拔地区进行青少年营养不良的干预提供理论支持。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,于2016年8—10月在西藏两所县中学抽取630名藏族青少年进行体格测量与问卷调查,单因素分析采用χ2分析,多因素分析采用二元逐步Logistic回归。结果:在630名藏族青少年中检出消瘦118人(18.7%),其中轻度消瘦86人(占总人数的13.7%)、中重度消瘦32人(占总人数的5.1%)。高海拔组消瘦检出率(24.5%)最高,低海拔组消瘦检出率(10.3%)最低,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=13.855,P<0.001)。在控制性别和家庭月收入两个因素后,Logistic回归分析显示,与高海拔组相比,低海拔组及移居组藏族青少年消瘦检出率更低(OR值分别为0.369、0.478,95%CI:0.1780.768、0.2950.776)。同样,轻度消瘦检出率高海拔组最高,为17.0%,低海拔组为高海拔组的0.347倍(OR=0.347,95%CI:0.1490.807),移居组与高海拔组轻度消瘦检出率无统计学差异;而对于中重度消瘦来说,高海拔组检出率最高为7.5%,移居组检出率为高海拔组的0.334倍(OR=0.334,95%CI:0.2950.776),低海拔组与高海拔组中重度消瘦检出率无统计学差异。结论:海拔对于藏族青少年消瘦检出率有影响。Objectives Through investigating the wasting status of Tibetan adolescents at different altitudes in Ti-bet,we aim to provide theoretical support for the intervention of child malnutrition at different altitudes.Meth-ods Using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method,we recruited 630 Tibetan adolescents from two middle schools of two counties between August and October 2016.We conducted anthropometric measurement and ques-tionnaire survey.The chi-square test was used for univariate analysis.Binary stepwise logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results Among the 630 Tibetan adolescents,118(18.7%)were found to be wast-ing,including 86 mild wasting(13.7%of the total)and 32 moderate to severe wasting(5.1%of the total).The high-altitude group had the highest wasting detection rate(24.5%),and the low altitude group had the lowest wasting detection rate(10.3%).The difference between high and low altitude groups was statistically significant(2=13.855,P<0.001).After controlling for gender and monthly family income,logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the high-altitude group,the adolescents from the low altitude group and those who moved from high to low altitude had lower detection rate of wasting(OR=0.369、0.478,95%CI:0.178∼0.768、0.295∼0.776).The same as the wasting detection rate,the detection rate of mild wasting was highest in the high-altitude group(17.0%).The detection rate of low altitude group was 0.347 times of high-altitude group.There was no sta-tistically significant mild wasting detection rate difference between of high-altitude group and those who moved from high to low altitude.For moderate to severe wasting,the detection rate was highest in high altitude group(7.5%).The detection rate of those who moved from high to low altitude was 0.334 times of high-altitude group.There was no significant detection rate difference between high and low altitude group.Conclusion Altitude has an effect on the detection rate of wasting in Tibetan adolescents.

关 键 词：藏族青少年 BMI 海拔 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]