基于GIS和分形理论的沱江流域土地利用结构动态分析  

Dynamic Analysis of Land Use Structure in Tuojiang River Basin Based on GIS and Fractal Theory

作　　者：谢贤健[1] XIE Xianjian(School of Geography and Resources Science of Neijiang Normal University,Neijiang,Sichuan 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院地理与资源科学学院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第2期433-440,共8页Soils

基　　金：长江科学院开放研究基金项目(CKWV2017523/KY);四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0312)资助

摘　　要：以沱江流域2000年、2020年土地利用空间数据库为基础,应用GIS技术及分形理论,定量分析研究区土地利用空间结构复杂性、稳定性以及空间分布规律。结果表明:①各种土地利用类型都具有分形特征,分形维数可以表征土地利用空间格局的变化。②20年间,沱江流域的土地利用类型以耕地和林地为主,占研究区总面积的90%以上,受人为活动影响,流域内不同土地利用类型之间存在相互转化的过程,主要的转化特点是耕地和林地大面积减少,而城乡建设用地迅速扩张。③流域2期土地利用的总分形维数分别为1.351、1.503,上升趋近于临界值1.5;土地利用整体空间结构稳定性指数从0.149下降到0.003,说明总体上流域土地空间镶嵌结构趋于复杂化,稳定性变差。④流域各地类的分形维数和稳定性指数变化存在一定差异,除未利用地外,其他土地利用类型的分形维数均呈变大趋势,空间镶嵌结构趋于复杂化;耕地、林地、草地、城乡建设用地稳定性指数均减小,减小的幅度分别达80.137%、52.439%、55.556%、26.957%,空间结构变得不稳定;水域稳定性指数变大,空间结构变得稳定。Based on the spatial land use database of Tuojiang River Basin in 2000 and 2020 year,the complexity,stability and dynamic change of the spatial structure of land use were quantitatively analyzed by using GIS technology and fractal theory.The results show that:1)All land use types has fractal characteristics.Fractal dimension can represent the change of land use spatial pattern.2)In the past 20 years,the main land use types in Tuojiang River Basin are cultivated and forest lands,accounting for more than 90%of the total area.Affected by human activities,there is a process of mutual transformation between different land use types.The main characteristics of land transformation are that cultivated and forest lands decreases in a large area,while urban and rural construction land expands rapidly.3)The total fractal dimension of land use is increased from 1.351 to 1.503,the stability index of the overall spatial structure of land use is decreased from 0.149 to 0.003,which indicate that the spatial mosaic structure of land tends to be more complex and the stability become worse.4)There are some differences in fractal dimensions and stability indexes of different land use types.Except for unused land,the fractal dimensions of other land use types tend to increase,and the spatial mosaic structure tends to be complex.The stability indexes of cultivated,forest,grass and urban and rural construction lands are decreased by 80.137%,52.439%,55.556%and 26.957%respectively,and the spatial structure tends to be unstable,while the stability index of water area become larger and its spatial structure tends to be stable.

关 键 词：沱江流域 土地利用 分形维数 稳定性 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]