补灌与施肥对甜菜干物质积累、产糖量及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of Supplemental Irrigation and Fertilization on Dry Matter Accumulation,Sugar Production and Nutrient Uptake in Beta Vulgaris L.

作　　者：张吉立[1,2] 冀金凤 王宁[1] 王鹏[1] ZHANG Jili;JI Jinfeng;WANG Ning;WANG Peng(Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Daqing Vocational College,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163255,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]大庆职业学院,黑龙江大庆163255

出　　处：《土壤》2023年第2期441-445,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家甜菜现代农业产业技术体系土壤肥料岗位建设项目(CARS-210306)资助。

摘　　要：通过研究甜菜在雨养条件下施肥和施肥后补灌对甜菜干物质积累、产量、产糖量和养分吸收的影响规律,可以为甜菜栽培中施肥和灌溉提供理论依据。试验在田间条件下,设置雨养无肥(对照)、雨养施肥、补灌施肥3个处理,大区试验设计,3次重复。结果表明:收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著提高了甜菜总干物质积累量和产糖量;补灌施肥、雨养施肥与无肥处理相比显著提高了地上部和总干物质积累量、产量、产糖率和产糖量;收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著降低了甜菜地下部、地上部氮吸收量和总氮、总钾吸收量,雨养施肥与无肥处理相比显著提高了总氮、总钾吸收量;收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著提高了甜菜地下部、地上部干物质积累量和总磷吸收量,雨养施肥与不施肥处理相比显著提高了地上部干物质积累量和总磷吸收量。综合分析认为,补灌与雨养施肥处理相比利于促进甜菜生长发育,提高产量、产糖量和磷吸收量,降低甜菜对氮、钾的吸收量,建议在5—6月发生季节性干旱时进行人工补灌。The effects of fertilization under rain-fed condition and supplemental irrigation after fertilization on dry matter accumulation,yield,sugar production and nutrient absorption of Beta vulgaris L.were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization and irrigation in Beta vulgaris L.cultivation.A field-plot experiment was carried out and three treatments were setup,including rainfed without fertilization(CK),rainfed and fertilization(TY),and supplemental irrigation and fertilization(TB),and each treatments with three repetition.The results show that,in the harvest period,TB significantly increases the total dry matter accumulation and sugar yield compared with TY;TB and TY significantly increase the aboveground and total dry matter accumulation,yield,sugar rate and yield compared with CK;TB significantly increases the underground,aboveground nitrogen and total nitrogen and total potassium uptake of Beta vulgaris L.compared with TY;TY significantly increases total nitrogen and total potassium uptake compared with CK;TB significantly increases the underground,aboveground dry matter accumulation and total phosphorus uptake compared with TY;TY significantly increases the aboveground dry matter accumulation and total phosphorus uptake compared with CK.Comprehensive analysis shows that TB is beneficial to promote the growth,development,yield,sugar production,phosphorus absorption,and to reduce nitrogen and potassium absorption of Beta vulgaris L.compared with TY,thus,it is recommended to carry out appropriate artificial supplementary irrigation in May—June when drought occurs.

关 键 词：补灌 甜菜 产糖量 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]