精神药物中毒287例回顾性分析  

Retrospective analysis of 287 psychotropic drug poisoning

作　　者：汪友平 张翠玲[1] 赖荣德[2] 梁子敬[2] 牟朋林 李淑云 李含秋[1] 江妙玲[1] WANG You-ping;ZHANG Cui-ling;LAI Rong-de;LIANG Zi-jing;MOU Peng-ling;LI Shu-yun;LI Han-qiu;JIANG Miao-ling(Emergency Department,Brain Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University.Guangzhou 510370;The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College,Guangzhou)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属脑科医院急诊科,510370 [2]广州医科大学附属第一医院急诊科

出　　处：《岭南急诊医学杂志》2023年第2期108-111,共4页Lingnan Journal of Emergency Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2022290);广州医科大学附属脑科医院门急诊科护理重点专科建设项目(50010724-0882);广东省广州市卫生健康科技项目(20211A010036)。

摘　　要：目的:分析精神专科医院急性精神药物中毒的特征,为精神药物中毒急救流程优化、救治配置提供数据支持。方法:收集2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间在广州医科大学附属脑科医院急诊科就诊,且就诊资料完整的精神药物中毒的患者信息,进行描述性分析及多因素逻辑回归分析。结果:共纳入287例精神药物中毒患者,描述性分析结果显示,本次纳入的研究对象女性多于男性,成年人占绝大多数,教育程度以初、高中为主,因服药自杀占274例(95.47%),既往史曾有自杀、自伤共为162例(86.63%),中毒药物多达61种,位列前5位的中毒药物为舍曲林20例(14.39%)、劳拉西泮19例(13.67%)、丙戊酸钠18例(12.95%)、喹硫平17例(12.23%)、碳酸锂12例(8.63%);病情分级以2级为主(81.18%),出现1例死亡病例(0.035%);多因素逻辑回归显示,年龄、有无工作、既往病史和饮酒是导致急性中毒的主要独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:本研究发现精神专科医院急诊药物中毒人数出现逐年递增趋势,初、高中等青春期阶段的学生可能倾向使用药物进行自杀,导致精神药物中毒患者中自杀占绝大多数,二次自杀比例高。Objective:To analyze the characteristics of acute psychotropic drug poisoning in psychiatric hospitals,and provide data support for the optimization of emergency procedures and treatment allocation of psychotropic drug poi⁃soning.Methods:A retrospective analysis method was used to collect information on patients with psychotropic drug poi⁃soning who were treated in the Emergency Department of the Brain Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from January 1,2020 to December 31,2022 and had complete medical information,and a descriptive analysis was con⁃ducted.Results:A total of 287 patients with psychotropic drug poisoning were included.The results of descriptive analy⁃sis showed that the subjects of this study were more women than men,with the majority of adults and a low level of edu⁃cation.274 cases(95.47%)committed suicide due to taking drugs,162 cases(86.63%)had a history of suicide or self injury,and there were 61 types of toxic drugs.The top 5 toxic drugs were sertraline in 20 cases(14.39%),lorazepam in 19 cases(13.67%)Sodium valproate in 18 cases(12.95%),quetiapine in 17 cases(12.23%),lithium carbonate in 12 cases(8.63%);The disease grade was mainly grade 2(81.18%),with one death case(0.035%);Multivariate logistic regression showed that age,work experience,past medical history,and alcohol consumption were the main independent risk factors for acute poisoning(P<0.05).Conclusion:This study showed that 1.The number of emergency poisoning patients in the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University showed an increasing trend year by year 2.Age,employment,previous medical history and alcohol consumption were the main independent risk factors for acute poisoning(P<0.05)3.The statistical results showed that suicide accounted for the vast majority of psychotropic drug poi⁃soning,a high proportion of secondary suicide,a case of mistaken medication.

关 键 词：精神药物中毒 药物滥用 药物过量 血液净化治疗 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]