近60年来柴达木盆地降水季节性变化分析  

Research on Seasonal Variation of Precipitation in the Qaidam Basin in Recent 60 Years

作　　者：余倩 祁栋林[2] 刘海娟 滕文豪 Yu Qian;Qi Donglin;Liu Haijuan;Teng Wenhao(Haixi Prefecture Meteorological Observatory of Qinghai Province,Delingha 819100,China;Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Xining 810001,China;Delingha Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai Province,Delingha 819100,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省海西州气象台,德令哈819100 [2]青海省气象科学研究所,西宁810001 [3]青海省德令哈市气象局,德令哈819100 [4]青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,西宁810001

出　　处：《青海科技》2023年第2期147-154,共8页Qinghai Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目(2019-ZJ-A10和2021-SF-141);浙江省气象局一般项目(2020YB26)资助。

摘　　要：文章选取柴达木盆地所在的9个国家气象台站降水资料,分析1961-2020年柴达木盆地降水季节性变化特征。结果表明:近60a柴达木盆地降水呈现显著增多趋势,以7.2 mm/10a的速率增长,21世纪以来增加趋势更为明显。各季降水量最大在夏季,占全年降水的63.3%;冬季最少,仅有4%;春季、秋季分别为18.7%和13.9%。降水月分布不均匀,平均月降水量在0.9~24.0 mm之间,呈现单峰型,峰值出现在7月(24.0 mm),6月次之。降水变化存在地区差异,年降水量自东南部向西北部递减。各季节降水百分率存在明显的年际变化,春、秋两季为弱的下降趋势,冬季为弱的上升趋势。柴达木盆地平均年降水量在2001年发生突变。This paper selected precipitation data from 9 national meteorological stations located in the Qaidam Basin,and analyzed the seasonal variation characteristics of precipitation from 1961 to 2020.The results showed as follows:The precipitation in the Qaidam Basin has shown a significant increasing trend with a rate of 7.2 mm/10a in the past 60 years,and the increasing trend had been more obvious since the 21st century.The precipitation in summer was the largest,accounting for 63.3% of the annual precipitation.The precipitation in winter was the least,only accounting for 4%of the annual precipitation.The precipitation in spring and autumn accounted for 18.7% and 13.9% of the annual precipitation respectively.The monthly distribution of precipitation was heterogeneous,and the average monthly precipitation was between 0.9mm and 24.0mm which showed a single peak with the summit appeared in July(24.0mm)followed by June.The precipitation change displayed regional variations,the annual precipitation showed a decreasing tendency from southeast to northwest in the Qaidam Basin.There was an obvious inter-annual variation in percentage of precipitation in each season.The precipitation in spring and autumn displayed a weak downward trend,however,a weak upward trend in winter was found.The annual precipitation in the Qaidam Basin changed abruptly in 2001.

关 键 词：降水量 降水季节性 柴达木盆地 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]