不同体位摄食训练对喉癌术后患者康复效果的影响  

Effects of three different positions for swallowing training in patients after surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer

作　　者：常杲杲 王婷 侯冉[2] 范改萍[3] 朱宝燕[3] 王丽萍 李霞[5] Chang Gaogao;Wang Ting;Hou Ran;Fan Gaiping;Zhu Baoyan;Wang Liping;Li Xia(School of Nursing,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学护理学院,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [3]山西省肿瘤医院头颈外科 [4]晋中市卫生学校 [5]四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2023年第9期77-80,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的 评价不同体位摄食训练对喉癌术后患者康复效果的影响。方法 采取便利抽样法抽取符合纳入标准的喉癌术后患者108例,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组、试验1组、试验2组各36例,术后指导三组患者分别采取床头抬高90°直立坐位、床头抬高60°仰卧位、床头抬高30°仰卧位进行摄食训练,并对三组吞咽安全性、吞咽功能、自我效能感及食物剩余量进行评价。结果 摄食训练1周,试验2组吞咽安全性受损程度、自我效能感得分及进食量显著优于试验1组和对照组(均P<0.05),三组吞咽功能恢复情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 对喉癌术后患者采取床头抬高30°仰卧位进行摄食训练,可减少患者吞咽安全性受损,提高患者自我效能感及进食量,以满足患者营养供给。Objective To evaluate the effect of body positions for swallowing training in patients after surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer.Methods A total of 108 patients with laryngeal cancer who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling method.Patients were assigned following a simple randomisation sequence based on a random-number table to three groups:control,experimental 1 and experimental 2,with 36 in each group.Participants in each group were instructed to perform swallowing training in three alternative positions:erect sitting,60°semi-recumbent position with the head of the bed elevated to 60°,and 30°semi-recumbent position.The swallowing safety,swallowing function,self-efficacy and the amount of food left over were compared among the three groups.Results After one week of the swallowing training,the experimental group 2 had milder swallowing impairment,higher self-efficacy score and greater food intake compared with the control group and the experimental group 1(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in recovery of swallowing function among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The use of 30°semi-recumbent position for swallowing training after laryngeal cancer surgery can reduce the incidence of impaired swallowing safety,improve patients′self-efficacy and food intake,and meet the nutritional demands of patients.

关 键 词：喉癌 吞咽障碍 进食体位 直立坐位 仰卧位 摄食训练 自我效能 吞咽功能 

分 类 号：R473.76[医药卫生—护理学]