不同土壤地表处理对坡地果园表层地温变化的影响  

Effect of Soil Surface Disposals on Topsoil Temperature of Orchards on Slopes

作　　者：许兵[1] 阮班录[1] 刘建海[1] 周佳 武林池 XUBing;RUAN Banlu;LIU Jianhai;ZHOU Jia;WU Linchi(Xianyang Vocational and Technical College,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712046,China;Xianyang Science&Technology Bureau,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China;LiquanCounty Zhenguan Xiaohe Pear Industry Professional Cooperative,Liquan,Shaanxi 713212,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳职业技术学院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]咸阳市科学技术局,陕西咸阳712000 [3]礼泉县贞观小河梨果业专业合作社,陕西礼泉713212

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2023年第4期75-77,93,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：咸阳市科技计划项目“礼泉小河酥梨坡地果园水土保持与肥水一体化试验示范,编号:2018K01-34”。

摘　　要：通过不同地表处理,研究了夏季坡地果园表层地温变化。结果表明:清耕地表温度过高,甚至最高可以达到近50℃,既就是土壤湿润状态,也会达到30~35℃,高温势必增加水分蒸发,不利于土壤良好水分状态保持;生草覆盖地表温度较低、变化平稳,且对土壤水分蒸发有阻隔作用;园艺地布覆盖,虽能阻挡高温引起的水分散发,但因过于封闭引起地表温度依然较高。综合比较,生草覆盖最利于坡地果园地表适宜地温保持,而且可以适度阻止水分蒸发。This study aimed to investigate the impact of different soil surface disposals on topsoil temperature of slope orchards during summer.The experiment was conducted with three treatments:cleaning tillage,grass mulching,and black ground fabric mulching.Results showed that cleaning tillage led to excessively high topsoil temperatures,reaching up to 50℃.Under moist soil conditions,the topsoil temperature ranged from 30℃to 35℃.Higher temperatures increased the moisture evaporation,which adversely affected the soil's water retention capacity.In contrast,grass mulching led to low and stable topsoil temperatures,reducing soil water evaporation significantly.Black ground fabric mulching prevented moisture emission caused by high temperatures but resulted in high topsoil temperature due to its insulating property.A comprehensive analysis and comparison indicated that grass mulching was the most conducive method for maintaining suitable topsoil temperature and preventing water evaporation in slope orchards.

关 键 词：清耕 生草覆盖 园艺地布覆盖 表层地温 

分 类 号：S152.8[农业科学—土壤学]