回顾性分析院内感染患者营养状况和营养支持效果  

Retrospective Analysis of Nutritional Status and Effects of Nutritional Sup⁃port in Patients with Nosocomial Infection

作　　者：张叶薇 ZHANG Yewei(Department of Prevention and Protection,Dongguan Shuixiang Central Hospital,Dongguan,Guangdong Province,523142 China)

机构地区：[1]东莞市水乡中心医院防保科,广东东莞523142

出　　处：《中外医疗》2023年第1期91-94,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的对院内感染患者的营养状况进行回顾性分析,为制定科学的营养支持方案提供参考。方法回顾性选取2018年2月—2020年2月东莞市水乡中心医院68例发生院内感染患者的病例资料,统计营养不良发生率。根据不同的营养支持方案将68例患者均分为营养支持组(n=34)和非营养支持组(n=34),比较不同年龄患者及组间院内感染发生率。结果院内感染患者总营养不良发生率为63.24%(43/68),其中发生率最高的是呼吸内科,占比44.19%(19/43),其次为重症监护治疗病房(ICU)、烧伤整形外科、消化内科,分别占比25.58%(11/43)、13.95%(6/43)、9.30%(4/43),泌尿外科最低,占比6.98%(3/43)。年龄≤70岁患者的营养不良发生率显著低于>70岁患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男、女患者的营养不良发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。营养支持组二次院内感染发生率5.88%明显低于非营养支持组23.53%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.221,P<0.05);营养支持组抗菌药物的使用时间(9.02±1.31)d及医疗支出(2357.82±344.19)元显著低于非营养支持组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.528、10.491,P<0.05)。结论感染患者发生营养不良的概率较高,且不同科室的发生率有一定差异。对院内感染患者实施营养支持方案,可有效降低二次院内感染发生率,减少对抗菌药物的使用时间,节约医疗支出。Objective To analyze the nutritional status of patients with nosocomial infection retrospectively,and to pro⁃vide reference for formulating scientific nutritional support program.Methods Data of 68 patients with nosocomial in⁃fection in Dongguan Shuixiang Central Hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were retrospective selected to count the incidence of malnutrition.According to different nutritional support programs,68 patients were divided into nutritional support group(n=34)and non-nutritional support group(n=34),to compare the incidence of nosocomial in⁃fection in patients of different ages and between groups.Results The total incidence of malnutrition in patients with nosocomial infection was 63.24%(43/68),among which the highest incidence was in the department of respiratory medicine,accounting for 44.19%(19/43),followed by intensive care unit(ICU),burn and plastic surgery,gastroenterol⁃ogy.The proportion was 25.58%(11/43),13.95%(6/43),9.30%(4/43),respectively.The urology department was the lowest,accounting for 6.98%(3/43).The incidence of malnutrition in patients≤70 years old was significantly lower than that in patients>70 years old,with statistical significance difference(P<0.05),but there was no statistical signifi⁃cance in the incidence of malnutrition between male and female patients(P>0.05).The incidence of secondary nosoco⁃mial infection in nutritional support group 5.88%was lower than that in non-nutritional support group(23.53%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.221,P<0.05).The use time of antibiotics in nutritional support group(9.02±1.31)d and medical expenditure(2357.82±344.19)yuan were significantly lower than those in non-nutritional support group,with statistical significance difference(t=7.528,10.491,P<0.05).Conclusion The infected patients had a high probability of malnutrition,and there were some differences in the incidence of different departments.Nutrition support for patients with nosocomial infection can effectively reduce the incidence

关 键 词：院内感染 营养状况 营养支持 抗菌药物 医疗支出 炎性因子 免疫调控 

分 类 号：R459[医药卫生—治疗学]