站在科学知识浪潮的最前沿:英国科学家查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文  

Stand in The Forefront of The Wave of Scientific Knowledge:British Scientist Charles Galton Darwin

作　　者：范科苑 尹晓冬[1] FAN Keyuan;YIN Xiaodong(Department of Physics in Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学物理系,北京100048

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期31-39,共9页Journal of Guangxi Minzu University ：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：首都师范大学与德国马普学会合作项目;首都师范大学分类发展——学位点建设与研究生教育立项及研究生高水平学术创新-物理系-专业学位实践基地项目。

摘　　要：查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文,英国物理学家,是著名生物学家查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的孙子。查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文致力于物理研究,在X射线衍射理论和由旧量子论向现代量子力学的演变和推广上有着卓越贡献。“二战”期间,他被任命为英国国家物理实验室主任并且对其进行改组,以协调英美的科学工作,显示出他卓越的管理才能。战后,受其家族影响,他就人口问题发表了一些颇有见地的观点。文章对查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文的生平和科学贡献作了梳理,并对他在诸多领域的工作进行讨论,展现了他为科学积极奉献的一生,也反映了20世纪上半叶的英国物理学发展情况。Charles Galton Darwin was a British physicist and grandson of the famous biologist Charles Robert Darwin.Charles Galton Darwin devoted himself to the study of physics and made outstanding contributions to the evolution and extension of the theory of X⁃ray diffraction from the old quantum theory to modern quantum mechanics.During world WarⅡ,he was appointed director of the British National Physical Laboratory(NPL)and reorganized to coordinate British and American scientific work,showing his excellent management skills.After the war,influenced by his family,he made some thoughtful statements about population.This paper summarizes Charles Galton Darwin's life and scientific contributions,discussing his work in many fields,showing his life of active dedication to science,but also reflects the development of British physics in the first half of the 20th century.

关 键 词：查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文 英国国家物理实验室 X射线衍射 人口问题 优生学会 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]