中国辅助技术的需求、供给和满意度研究:基于快速辅助技术评估数据  

Demand,supply and satisfaction of assistive technology in China based on rapid Assistive Technology Assessment data

作　　者：闫媚 江华[2] 董理权[1] 柳博飞 贺炜洁 吴小高 郭智洋 YAN Mei;JIANG Hua;DONG Liquan;LIU Bofei;HE Weijie;WU Xiaogao;GUO Zhiyang(China Assistive Devices and Technology Center for Persons with Disabilities,Beijing 100050,China;School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国残疾人辅助器具中心,北京市100050 [2]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京市100070

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2023年第4期373-380,共8页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：北京市教委重点项目(No.SZ202010038022);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFC2002600)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国人辅助技术的需求、供给和满意度。方法采用世界卫生组织快速辅助技术评估(rATA)问卷在中国6个省市的抽样调查数据,从辅助技术的需求、供给和满意度3个方面进行分析。结果从抽样调查数据中获得15234份有效问卷。辅助技术需求方面,在不同功能障碍类别中,视力障碍占比最高,清单内对眼镜(低视力、近视、远视等)和手杖(单脚、三脚和四脚手杖)需求度最高,清单外对防滑垫需求最多;供给方面,以私营部门为主,政府组织、公立医院次之,多数使用者通过自付获得辅助技术,获取辅助技术的距离集中在“<5 km”,获得辅助技术的最大障碍是缺乏辅助技术有关知识;辅助技术整体满意度较好,辅助技术的适配度和服务质量是令使用者最不满意的因素。结论中国人对辅助技术的满意度较好,存在少量辅助技术有需求、缺供给现象,需要针对辅助技术进行科普宣传,生产厂商辅助技术说明书应方便使用者理解,辅助技术服务团队成员构成应多元化,企业应推动自主创新,对辅助技术从业人员进行规范管理。Objective To investigate the demand,supply and satisfaction of the Chinese people on assistive technology.Methods Based on the data from the World Health Organization rapid Assistive Technology Assessment(rATA)questionnaire in six provinces and cities in China,the assistive technology of the whole population in China was described from three aspects of demand,supply and satisfaction.Results A total of 15234 valid questionnaires were obtained.In terms of demand,the proportion of visual impairment was the highest in all the functional impairment categories,the highest demands in the list were glasses(low-vision,short/long distance etc.)and walking sticks(canes/sticks,tripod and quadripod),while the highest demand outside the list was anti-skid pad.In terms of supply,the private sector was the main one,followed by government facility and public hospital,and most users took"paid out-of-pocket(self)"to obtain assistive technology,the distance to access the assistive technology was concentrated at"less than five kilometers",and the biggest obstacle to obtain assistive technology was lack of knowledge about assistive technology.Overall satisfaction with assistive technology was optimistic,the adaptation degree and service quality of assistive technology were the most unsatisfactory factors for users.Conclusion In China,the satisfaction of assistive technology is optimistic,and there is a few amount of unmet assistive technology.It is necessary to propagandize assistive technology,and its manual should be readable,the assistive technical service team should be multidisciplinary,enterprises should promote independent innovation,and the professionals should be regulated.

关 键 词：辅助技术 快速辅助技术评估 功能障碍 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学]