新生儿高血压的诊治进展  

Progress of diagnosis and treatment in neonatal hypertension

作　　者：赵朋娜 熊飞 朱双燕 赵晓芬[1] ZHAO Pengna;XIONG Fei;ZHU Shuangyan;ZHAO Xiaofen(Department of Neonatal,Kunming Children's Hospital,YunnanProvince,Kunming650228,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市儿童医院新生儿科,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第14期46-49,共4页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：新生儿高血压为持续收缩压和(或)舒张压超过相应矫正胎龄新生儿血压的第95百分位。然而新生儿高血压是动态变化的,受多种因素的影响,包括矫正胎龄、出生体重、窒息缺氧、先天性肾脏疾病、脐动脉置管、支气管肺发育不良、主动脉缩窄等。且临床表现不典型,早期症状和体征缺乏特异性,如心率增快、呼吸急促、反复喂养不耐受等,易漏诊。目前新生儿高血压的治疗尚未达成专家共识,常见降压药包括:血管扩张剂、利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂等,新生儿高血压治疗药物的选择和给药途径取决于高血压的严重程度、病因和临床表现。希望临床医生提高对新生儿高血压的认识,做到早期识别、全面评估和个性化管理,改善患儿预后。The neonatal hypertension is systolic or diastolic blood pressure greater than the 95th percentile for postmenstrual age.Neonatal hypertension is dynamic and affected by many factors,including corrected gestational age,birth weight,asphyxia and hypoxia,congenital kidney disease,umbilical artery catheterization,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,coarctation of aorta,etc.Neonatal hypertension is characterized by atypical clinical manifestations,lack of specificity in early symptoms and signs,such as increased heart rate,shortness of breath,repeated feeding intolerance,etc,which is easy to miss diagnosis.At present,no expert consensus has been reached on the treatment of neonatal hypertension.Common antihypertensive drugs include:vasodilators,hydralazine,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors,etc.The choice of medication and the route of administration depends on the severity of hypertension,cause and clinical manifestation.Clinicians should raise awareness of neonatal hypertension,early identification,comprehensive evaluation and personalized management to improve the prognosis of newborn.

关 键 词：高血压 新生儿 临床表现 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]