北京地区5种砧木对小果型西瓜生长、果实品质及产量的影响  

Effects of five rootstocks on growth,fruit quality and yield of mini-watermelon in Beijing

作　　者：陈东升 王洪旭 王振雨 黄健 陈宗光 CHEN Dongsheng;WANG Hongxu;WANG Zhenyu;HUANG Jian;CHEN Zongguang(Beijing Daxing District Agricultural Environment and Facilities Management Service Station,Beijing 102600,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Center of AGRI-Products Quality and Safety,Beijing 100020,China;Beijing Daxing Crop Production Technology Extension Station,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区农业环境与设施管理服务站,北京102600 [2]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [3]北京市农产品质量安全中心,北京100020 [4]北京市大兴区农业服务中心,北京102600

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第5期66-71,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：北京市特色作物创新团队(BAIC04-2022)。

摘　　要：为筛选北京地区适宜小果型西瓜嫁接的砧木品种,以苏砧1849、苏砧1958、苏砧1号、苏砧2号等4种砧木为材料,以航兴天秀二号小果型西瓜为接穗,以本地区生产常用的苏砧2076砧木材料为对照(CK),研究了不同砧木品种对小果型西瓜植株田间长势、根系长势、果实外观、可溶性固形物含量等品质指标及产量的影响。结果表明,南瓜类型砧木苏砧1849嫁接西瓜的果实中心可溶性固形物含量较对照提高6.25%,边部可溶性固形物含量较对照提高6.40%,植株茎粗较对照提高11.26%,叶面积较对照提高26.04%,根系干鲜质量较对照分别提高49.46%和73.03%;葫芦类型砧木苏砧1958嫁接的西瓜的叶片SPAD值较对照提高9.42%,叶片N素含量较对照提高13.79%。从果实品质方面综合比较认为,苏砧1849砧木嫁接的小果型西瓜果实品质最优,苏砧1849砧木嫁接小果型西瓜在北京地区更具推广价值。To screen suitable rootstock varieties for mini-watermelon grafting in Beijing area.Suzhen 1849,Suzhen 1958,Suzhen 1 and Suzhen 2 were used as materials.Hangxing tianxiu II mini-watermelon was used as scion.The Suzhen 2076 rootstock materials commonly used in local production were used as control(CK).The effects of different varieties of rootstocks on the field growth,root growth,fruit appearance,soluble solids content and yield of mini-watermelon were studied.Compared to that of the control,the soluble solids content in the fruit center of watermelon grafted on pumpkin rootstock 1849 was 6.25%higher,the soluble solids content in the edge was 6.40%higher,the stem diameter was 11.26%higher the leaf area was 26.04%higher and the root dry and fresh weight were 49.46%and 73.03%higher,respectively.The leaf SPAD value of watermelon grafted with gourd rootstock 1958 was 9.42%higher,and the leaf N content was 13.79%higher than that of the control.From the comprehensive comparison of fruit quality,it is considered that the fruit quality of mini-watermelon grafted on Suzhen 1849 rootstock is the best,and it is more valuable to use Suzhen 1849 rootstock to graft mini-watermelon in Beijing.

关 键 词：小果型西瓜 砧木 品种比较 品质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]