从功利主义到自然权利理论的回归:洛克财产理论的知识产权意义  

From Utilitarianism to the Return of Natural Rights Theory:The Intellectual Property Significance of Lockean Property Theory

作　　者：朱家路 ZHU Jia-lu(Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies,Kobe University,Kobe 6578501,Japan)

机构地区：[1]日本神户大学国际协力研究科,神户6578501

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2023年第3期44-53,共10页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会基地重点课题“区域治理能力创新战略研究”(22SKJD040)。

摘　　要：当下的知识产权制度在各种新技术和新生产模式的冲击下产生了颇多争议。以洛克财产理论为代表的自然权利理论虽曾是知识产权制度的理论图腾,但在功利主义的打压之下,已然在当代知识产权制度中失去了发言权。但功利主义因其内在缺陷始终不能为知识产权制度提供稳固的理论基础,亦担不起解释知识产权制度之大任。在当代知识产权制度下,洛克财产理论具备四大当代意义:重申人的尊严与自由,重拾劳动的本源价值,重述知识产权的私权本质,维系私益和公益的动态平衡。恰是这些意义的存在,使得散发着浓厚功利主义气息的当代知识产权制度迫切需要自然权利理论的再度回归。The current intellectual property system has become quite controversial under the impact of various new technologies and new modes of production.Although the natural rights theory represented by Lockean property theory was once the theoretical totem of the intellectual property system,it has lost its right to speak in the contemporary intellectual property system under the suppression of utilitarianism.However,utilitarianism has not been able to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the intellectual property system due to its inherent defects,and it has not been able to explain the intellectual property system.Under the modern intellectual property system,Locke's theory of property has four major contemporary meanings:reaffirming human dignity and freedom,regaining the original value of labor,restating the private right essence of intellectual property,and maintaining the dynamic balance between private interests and public interest.The existence of these meanings makes the contemporary intellectual property system,which reeks of strong utilitarianism,urgently need the return of Lockean property theory.

关 键 词：知识产权 自然权利理论 洛克财产理论 功利主义 当代意义 

分 类 号：D909.1[政治法律—法学理论]