日语允让致使中的语义内结  

On the Semantic Self-sufficiency of Permissive Causative in Japanese

作　　者：王国强 Wang Guoqiang

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学外国语学院,北京100083

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2023年第2期80-91,共12页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年项目“系统功能语言学视角下的汉英日致使结构语义系统网络构建与句法实现研究”(21YJC740081);中央党委高校基本科研业务项目“日语中宾格结果对象与与格场所的共现研究”(FRF-TP-19-073A1)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：日语的致使结构属于双动词融合型结构,由致使动词(VP1)与动作动词(VP2)融合为单动词式结构。致使动词的高度语法化同时也造就了日语致使结构语义多解的现象。尽管在致使结构中,役事在格标层面可以允准一定的分化,但是这种分化也很难说是明确对应于某种特定致使语义的。致使结构之所以能够表征出允让致使义,与役事被预设的低势能及高意愿等特征直接相关。不同于强制致使的悬置性语义,允让致使内含因果关系,语义自足。当语义自足性或因果性被取消时,允让致使义也会被消解。The causative structure in Japanese belongs to the double-verb fusion type with the causative verb(VP1)and the action verb(VP2)merging into a single-verb structure.A high degree of grammaticalization of verbs leads to multi-semantic solution of causative structure in Japanese.Although in the cause structure,a certain differentiation can be allowed at the lattice level,but this differentiation can hardly be said to explicitly correspond to a specific causative semantics.The reason that the structure can characterize the permissive meaning is directly related to the low power and high aspiration of the causee in which the service is predetermined.Different from the suspended meaning of compulsive usage,permissive usages are self-sufficiency and contain a causal chain.When this semantic self-sufficient or causality is abolished,the permissive meaning will be eliminated as well.

关 键 词：致使结构 允让致使义 悬置语义 语义内结 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]