全组分微纳化木质纤维素基聚磷酸铵阻燃剂的制备及在纸张中的应用  

Preparation and Application in Paper of Micro-nano Lignocellulose-based Ammonium Polyphosphate Flame Retardant

作　　者：陆海梅 王超[1] 王洪坤 张李佳琦 黄勇[1] 吴敏[1,2] LU Haimei;WANG Chao;WANG Hongkun;ZHANG Lijiaqi;HUANG Yong;WU Min(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第10期54-61,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52073291,51733009);河北省自然科学基金-京津冀基础研究合作专项(B2021210008);中国博士后科学基金(52103132)。

摘　　要：本工作以农业废弃秸秆经微纳化处理得到的全组分木质纤维素纳米纤维(LCNF)为原料,在水系条件下,通过机械球磨法将聚磷酸铵(APP)负载在LCNF上,制备出绿色高效的木质纤维素基阻燃剂(ALC),继而通过浆内添加,将该阻燃剂应用于纸张中,考察该阻燃剂的阻燃效果。结果表明,阻燃剂在纸张中均匀分散、不易析出。当阻燃剂ALC的添加量仅为10%(质量分数,下同)时,纸张具有离火自熄的效果,极限氧指数达到36.4%,最高热释放速率、总热释放量较纯纸分别降低了48.1%和77.1%,残炭量较纯纸增加了314.9%。更重要的是,在阻燃性能优化的同时,纸张的力学性能也有所提升。因此,本研究提出了一种可在纸张中均匀分散的木质纤维素基绿色阻燃剂的水系制备方法,为纤维素基阻燃剂的实际应用提供了一种绿色、简单、高效的思路。In this work,a green and efficient lignocellulose-based flame retardant(ALC)was prepared by loading ammonium polyphosphate(APP)on the lignocellulose nanofibers(LCNF)obtained from agricultural waste straw by mechanical ball milling under water system conditions.The flame retardant was added into paper pulp to prepare retardant paper and the flame retardant effect of the paper was investigated.The results showed that ALC retardants could be uniformly dispersed in the paper,contrast to the serious aggregation of APP which was directly added into the paper pulp.With only 10wt%of ALC content,the ignited paper displayed a self-extinguishing phenomenon after moving away from the fire and turned into char.The ALC paper possessed a limiting oxygen index of 36.4%.Compared with the pure paper,the maximum heat release rate and total heat release of the ALC paper were reduced by 48.1%and 77.1%,respectively.The residual carbon content was increased by 314.9wt%as well owing to the existence of lignin components in LCNF.At the same time,the mechanical properties of paper were also enhanced because of the high aspect ratio of LCNF.In conclusion,this work proposed a facile method for preparing an efficient,green,flame retardant with great potential for practical applications in paper industry.

关 键 词：木质纤维素纳米纤维 聚磷酸铵 阻燃剂 阻燃纸 

分 类 号：TS727[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]