社会支持和羞辱歧视与HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗的关联分析  

Association of social support and discrimination with ART for HIV/AIDS

作　　者：闫钰婕 郝连正[3,4] 朱晓艳 王国永[3,4] 康殿民 张娜[3,4] 刘云霞 YAN Yu-jie;HAO Lian-zheng;ZHU Xiao-yan;WANG Guo-yong;KANG Dian-min;ZHANG Na;LIU Yun-xia(Department of Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250012,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院生物统计学系,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学健康医疗大数据研究院 [3]山东省疾病预防控制中心 [4]山东大学预防医学研究院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第8期1451-1455,1460,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2014HQ038);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2019WS438)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社会支持和艾滋病相关羞辱歧视对艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人(HIV/AIDS)抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)的影响,为进一步提高ART覆盖率提供指导依据。方法对山东省现存活HIV/AIDS进行问卷调查,了解其社会人口学特征、艾滋病及ART相关知识知晓情况、社会支持及艾滋病相关羞辱与歧视情况,运用逐步logistic回归模型分析上述因素与HIV/AIDS接受ART间的关系。结果本研究共调查1294例HIV/AIDS,其中接受ART的有1047人,治疗率为80.9%。Logistic回归结果显示,主观支持分数高的HIV/AIDS比分数低者更愿意接受ART(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.03~1.08);与不知晓ART副作用的HIV/AIDS相比,知晓者更愿意接受ART(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.12~2.00);与家庭歧视分数高的HIV/AIDS相比,分数低者更愿意接受ART(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.96~0.99);与未婚HIV/AIDS相比,已婚有配偶(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.09~2.04)、离异或丧偶者(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.19~3.12)更愿意接受ART。结论主观支持、家庭歧视和ART副作用知晓情况会影响HIV/AIDS接受ART,故应加大宣传,减少歧视和羞辱,增加主观支持力度。同时,治疗前的依从性教育要重视对ART副作用的解释。Objective To analyze the impact of social support and HIV-related stigma and discrimination on antiretroviral treatment(ART)in people living with HIV and AIDS,and to provide guidance for further improving ART coverage.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on people living with HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province to understand their demographic characteristics,awareness of AIDS and ART knowledge,social support,and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination.The relationship between the factors above and ART was analyzed using the stepwise logistic regression model.Results A total of 1294 HIV/AIDS were investigated in this study,1047 of which were receiving ART,and the treatment rate was 80.9%.The logistic regression results showed that HIV/AIDS with high subjective support scores were more willing to accept ART than those with low scores(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.03-1.08).HIV/AIDS who were aware of the side effects of ART were more willing to accept ART than those who were unaware of it(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.12-2.00).HIV/AIDS with low scores on family discrimination were more willing to receive ART than those with high scores(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.96-0.99).Compared with unmarried HIV/AIDS,married people with a spouse(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.09-2.04)and divorced or widowed(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.19-3.12)were more willing to accept ART.Conclusion Subjective support,family discrimination and awareness of side effects of ART will affect HIV/AIDS to accept ART,so publicity and subjective support should be increased,and discrimination and stigma should be reduced.At the same time,compliance education before treatment should pay attention to the explanation of side effects of ART.

关 键 词：艾滋病 抗病毒治疗 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]